Diagnósticos de enfermagem em infartados submetidos à angioplastia coronariana com STENT

Abstract

The coronary reperfusion therapy with percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty and stent placement constitutes, now, the preferential treatment to the patient attacked by acute myocardial infarction. In the period after to angioplasty, the patient with infarct demands peculiar cares of the nursing team due cardiac compromising and physical dependence. The identification of the nursing diagnoses addresses the actions attended and delegated by the nurse. The objective of the study was to analyze the nursing diagnoses in patients with acute myocardial infarction submitted to the primary percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty with use of coronary stent. Cross sectional study of descriptive-exploratory character, accomplished in a public hospital of Fortaleza-Ce. The population consisted of 51 patients in their first infarct episode that they accomplished angioplasty with success in the placement stent and interned in the cardiac infirmaries. The data were collected by means of interview, physical exam and it consults to the records’ patient during the months of January to August of 2006. The results showed predominance men, brown, with average of 54 year-old age and it lowers education level. It identified high frequency of previous infarct, with artery descending previous left accused by the ischemia and Killip Classification I. They were found, on the average, 11 nursing diagnoses, 28 defining characteristics, 6 related factors and 5 risk factors for patient. The nursing diagnoses of larger frequency were: Risk for infection, Altered dentition , Activity intolerance, Bathing/hygiene self-care deficit, Toileting self-care deficit, Dressing/grooming self-care deficit, Sleep pattern disturbance, Impaired walking and Impaired physical mobility. The variable number of diagnoses presented statistic association with the diagnoses self-care deficits, Impaired walking and Impaired physical mobility. There was significant association between the diagnoses related to the self-care, mobility and locomotion, and of these with the factors related prescribed restrictions of movements, limitation imposed by the retreat of the hem and state of harmed mobility. The data revealed predominance of phenomenons related to the biological order and importance in the identification of the nursing diagnoses in the specific clientele in way to base a nursing care plan of activities returned to the attendance of the physiologic needs of self-care and physical dependence.