Síntese de nanopartículas de prata através de ultrassom utilizando galactomanana

Abstract

Silver nanoparticles (NPAg) have attracted considerable interest in the context of research in recent years due to numerous applications, such as a bactericide, sensors and catalysts. In this paper the use of galactomannan of fava danta (GFD) in obtaining NPAg by ultrasonic method was studied based on the principles of green chemistry without the use of conventional chemical reducing agent. This study aimed to evaluate the ultrasound employment in NPAg synthesis GFD solutions. The NPAg were obtained with the aid of an ultrasonic probe using AgNO3 aqueous solution in concentrations of 10, 40 and 100 mmol / L. The galactomannan in aqueous solution (0,032%, 0,32% and 0,0032% w/ v) was used as stabilizer of NPAg. The synthesis occurred at varying pH (10, 11, 12) and temperature (15, 25 and 35 °C). The characterizations were performed using techniques such as gel permeation chromatography (GPC), nuclear magnetic resonance of hydrogen (NMR1H), spectrophotometry UV-Vis, dynamic light scattering (DLS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). UV-Vis analysis for colloids formed during the synthesis at the three concentrations showed the emergence of the plasmon band (around 400 nm) suggesting the formation of NPAg. It was observed faster kinetic profile for concentration systems 10 mmol/ L AgNO3. The pH 11 and 12 provided the best conditions for synthesis of NPAg. The different concentrations of synthetic GFD showed satisfactory results, but the formed colloid concentration 0,0032% w/ v showed no stability. Two of the synthesized colloids were selected FDAg 10/12/25 and FDAg 100/12/25, to submit the study to estimate size during the time of formation of NPAg as were also objects of analysis by electron microscopy scan. DLS was evidenced by the two colloids have decreased the size NPAg during the synthesis time, reaching average sizes near 10 to 4 nm for FDAg 10/12/25 and FDAg 100/12/25 respectively. Monitoring the polysaccharide degradation by GPC analysis was conducted and it was observed the decrease in distribution of the molar masses of the same of 6,65 x 106 to 3,11 x 104 g/ mol during the degradation process. The mannose/ galactose ratio was observed for the GFD, from 1:1,23 to GFD unmodified to 1:2,14 for the GFD degraded in 420 minutes. Thus, this study showed that the ultrasonic path in conjunction with the use of the galactomannan of fava danta in aqueous solution provides a versatile synthetic route for NPAg with good stability.