Avaliação dos efeitos do óleo de coco (Cocos nucifera L.) extra virgem em protocolos de indução de obesidade por dieta hipercalórica e indução de dislipidemia por poloxamer P-407 em camundongos

Abstract

Dyslipidemia and obesity are disorders whose prevalence is increasing in Brazil and worldwide, and are extremely important in Public Health , as both play important role on cardiovascular diseases development . Due to its inflammatory nature, occurs oxidative damage to tissues and organs, compromising its funcionality . Extra virgin coconut oil (OCEV), extracted from the fruit of the coconut pal m (Cocos nucifera L.), coconut, is a saturated fat rich in medium chain fatty acids and polyphenolic compounds, which showed antimicrobial, antithrombotic and antioxidant activity . The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of extra virgin coconut oil on lipid and antioxidant profile in the treatment of obesity and dyslipidemia in mice as well as in their oxidative stress arising. Dyslipidemia was induced by intraperitonea l injection of poloxamer solution P - 407 in male mice that were treated with fenofibrate or coconut oil to 3, 6 or 12 mL / kg ( P+OC3, P+OC6 e P+OC12 , respectively) 2 and 26 hours after induction, with collection 24 and 48 hours post - induction and dosage of glucose, triglycerides and total cholesterol. Obesity was induced by hypercaloric diet for 15 weeks with simultaneous treatment with sibutramine or extra virgin coconut oil 5%, 7.5% or 10% ( DH+OC5, DH+OC7,5 and DH+OC10 , respectively) by weight incorporated in hypercaloric diet, with determination of glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, non - HDL and HDL, ALT and AST. At the end of the protocols, the liver was removed for determination of antioxidant catalase and TBARS parameters. In dyslipidemia protoco l triglycerides levels were reduced in all groups treated with OCEV (reduction from 68.31% to 114.8% relative to P). Catalase (up 203%) and TBARS (down 70.90%) had beneficial results in P + OC12 relative to P. In obesity, blood glucose and total cholestero l decreased by DH + OC5 (31.77% and 32 28%, respectively). HDL levels increased in all groups who consumed OCEV, as well as the plasma activity of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (31.60% and 38.89%, respectively); the serum triglycerides decreased by DH + O C7,5 (48.55%) compared to HD, as well as the aspartate aminotransferase activity (AST) increased by DH + OC10 (44.52%). Catalase increased by DH + OC5 (145.61%), and TBARS decreased by DH + OC10 (74.15%). It concludes that the OCEV has beneficial effects o n oxidative and lipid profile of dyslipidemic and obese mice