Colaboração e educação interprofissional na pós-graduação em saúde : estudo de caso da Residência Multiprofissional em Saúde da Família

Abstract

In order to increase the integral health care, the prospect of education and interprofessional collaboration in health is strengthened. The program of multidisciplinary Residences in Health (RMS) are initiative of the Health System to promote education through work with an intrinsic interprofissional feature. It is believed that studying the quotidian reality of a RMS program is essential to promote the analysis of education and interprofessional collaboration in the context of health postgraduation. The Public Health School of Ceará has a RMS program called Integrated Health Residency (RIS-ESP/CE), which proposes the internalization of continuing education. Due to the large scale of this program, it was adopted as an object of study the emphasis on Family Health and Community (SFC), which is operationalized in the Family Health Strategy and takes place in 22 municipalities of Ceará. Objectives: To analyze the implementation process of interprofessional education and collaborative practice in the daily life of SFC emphasis of RIS-ESP/CE. Methodology: a case study with qualitative approach was performed through participant observation, semi-structured interviews and document review. Scenarios were selected as the municipalities of Maracanaú and Aracati, that have deployed residence in 2013. The study sample was intentional and included general coordinator of RIS-ESP/CE, the coordinator of the SFC emphasis, the preceptors and residents of selected municipalities in a total of 24 participants. The data collected were analyzed using content analysis, taking as reference the theoretical production on education and interprofessional collaboration. The research followed all ethical aspects of research with human beings. Analysis and discussion of results: According to the data analysis, the RIS-ESP/CE is organized as EIP strategy for many aspects, such as: curriculum based on skills, education through work, manning of residents in multiprofessional teams, etc. In the process of teaching and learning, was captured the power of the inverted tent methodology, the wheel device, and the role of preceptor field that acts to stimulate and support the work in interprofessional team. The work of professionals as residents seemed to allow the emergence of innovative proposals in the work process, with the outstanding operations in the territory covered by collective and intersectoral activities. The preceptors, who need to develop horizontal and participatory teaching, also reported some challenges, but at the same time are configured as subjects in learning and transformation of practices. In the operationalization of residence, aspects of interprofessionalcollaboration also strengthened. However, in each reality, interprofissional factor seems to be stronger in certain aspects. Concluding remarks: The power of RIS-ESP/CE lies in the theoretical and practical articulation promoted. From this, there is the diversification of actions, and health action in addition to the care practices. This process fosters the training of residents, inspires preceptors in that changing paradigms and turns the health care profile in the practice setting.