Síntese e caracterização das matrizes cerâmicas TiFeNbO6 com adição de Bi2O3 e análise de aplicações em microondas e radiofrequência

Abstract

Presently, the increasing demand for dielectric resonators is directly related to a recent progress in the microwave telecommunications. Furthermore, the revolutionary changes in the wireless communication technology, has leveraged the recent advances in the dielectric materials development based on ceramic, which present better properties, such as the low loss and the high relative permittivity. In this work the ceramic matrix of TiFeNbO6 was studied. The TiFeNbO6 matrix was calcined at 1,075 °C and used to prepare the samples with 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 wt% of the Bi2O3 and sintered at 1,125°C. These samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy (RS), scanning electron microscopy and dielectric microwave properties. The samples presented two phases, the first phase having tetragonal rutile structure with a space group of P42/mnm, equivalent at parent rutile Ti0.4Fe0.3Nb0.3O2 and the secondary phase belonging to the pyrochlore system Bi1.721Fe1.056Nb1.134O7 with a space group of Fd-3mZ (227) in a cubic structure. The dielectric microwave properties have shown significant variation for 10% Bi2O3-added sample, because the formation of the secudary phase contributes with the reduction of thermal instability (, from 281.12 to 77.45 ppm/°C), with increase in electric permittivity (r, from 47.23 to 63.77) and an increase in the dielectric loss (tan, from 1,6 x 10-3 to 6,8 x 10-3). This significant increase of permittivity allows some important applications for this material for microwave devices specifically as dielectric antennas. There was addition of Bi2O3 for analyzing too improvement on electrical and dielectric properties through impedance spectroscopy in the range of radiofrequency. Here the value of tan is around 0.7, between 100 Hz and 100 kHz. Conductivity analysis has been carried out and showed a low-frequency constant conductivity and a high-frequency Cole-Cole type transition characterized by grain and grain boundary. This work also presents a proposal for the samples to operate like dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) at the frequency center range, 2.2 GHz at 2.6 GHz (S band).