Composição química,atividade fitonematicida e inseticida de Tipi (Petiveria alliaceae)

Abstract

This work describes the study of the volatile and the non-volatile components from the roots of Petiveria alliaceae, including the nematicidal and insecticidal activities of the essential oil. The following components were identified in the essential oil: benzaldehyde as the major constituent (61, 5 %), cinnamaldehyde (6, 3%), dibenzyl disulphide (18, 1%), transstilbene (14, 1%). The two last compounds were also isolated through a chromatography in a preparative thin layer identified by RMN 1H and 13C. The isolation of a mixture of two mercaptans, benzyl disulphide and dibenzyl trisulphide, saccharose and allantoin, which were isolated for the first time from the Petiveria alliaceae, was permitted by the chromatographic treatment of the ethyl acetate, hexane, and ethanolic extracts. The isolated mercaptans are known in literature for their fungicide and insecticide activities. The constituents of the essential oil, extracted from the roots of Petiveria alliaceae, were submitted to the nematicidal activities against Meloidogyne incognita larva, insecticide against white fly (Bemisa tabaci) and insect of the beans (Callosobruchus maculatos). Significant insecticidal and nematicidal activities were present in the essential oil from the P. alliaceae, collected in two different localities. The isolated constituents had their structure elucidated through spectrometric methods of IV, EM, RMN 1H and 13C uni and bi-dimensional (COSY, HMQC and HMBC)