Valoração e pagamento dos serviços ambientais: Alternativa de rentabilidade extra para um sistema agrossilvipastoril do bioma caatinga

Abstract

In order to minimize the impacts of human action on the Caatinga biome, agroforestry systems were developed, environmentally sustainable alternative to exploitation because they offer several benefits to the procuctive system and various environmental services. The objective was to give a value to environmental services generated by a system agrosilvopasture located in the experimental fields of Embrapa Goats and Sheep, Sobral/CE – Brazil. For the valuation of environmental services studied (plant biodiversity, carbon sequestration and deposition of organic matter in soil), were developed: the rate of contribution (IC), the opportunity cost of agricultural activities developed in family farming in Ceará and the construction index-point obtained in the area. The valuation was made by multiplying the index-point and the opportunity cost indexed to the Fiscal Reference Unit of Ceará (UFIRCE). Conservation farming practices has higher IC than those traditionally used by backcountry. The rate of contribution indicated what type of land use is preferable to another within the alternatives. Scores-Poionts will surely be able to guide decision makers on the generation and monitoring of fo ecosystem srvices generated in the study area. Opportunity cost calculated for the state, specifically, portrayed the importance thatr each activity represents within a larger whole. As for the economic valuation, the proposed methodology is efficient and effective to meet the research objectives. The two types of valuation proposed serve are the basis for a program of payment for environmental services (PES). Is suggesdted the application of this methodology in other areas of the Caatinga biome, as well as a market study for such services as support for the development of PES. Furthermore, should be raised institutional and political aspects of the state of Ceará for the verification of an effective payment policy.