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Cuidado farmacêutico em terapia intensiva: avaliação de dez anos de recomendações farmacêuticas

Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT

Título: Cuidado farmacêutico em terapia intensiva: avaliação de dez anos de recomendações farmacêuticas Autor(es): Furtado, Ingrid Peixoto Abstract: Clinical Pharmacy is the area of pharmacy where pharmacists provide patient care in order to optimize pharmacotherapy and promote the rational use of medications through the provision of pharmaceutical services (PS), which are essential in a hospital unit, especially in Intensive Care Units (ICU) where clinical and therapeutic complexity increases the risk of medication-related problems (MRP). MRP can be solved through pharmaceutical recommendations (PR) made during the provision of PS. A crosssectional, descriptive, retrospective, single-center study was conducted to evaluate the PR performed in the clinical ICU of a teaching hospital in the state of Ceará. Information regarding PR performed from January 2015 to December 2024 was collected from the service's database.Study approved by the ethics committee under number: 7.994.509. A total of 18.017 PR were performed on 1.439 patients, with an average of 12.5 PR per patient and an overall acceptance rate of 90.1%. The most frequent MRP were "necessary medication not prescribed" (21.1%), followed by "unnecessary medication prescribed" (15.5%). The most frequently performed PR were "medication inclusion" (21.1%) and "dose (adequacy)" (19.4%). Regarding the most involved drug class (ATC level 1), antiinfectives for systemic use received (33,3%), followed by alimentary tract and metabolism (18,8%), with vancomycin being the main drug (8.5%), followed by potassium chloride (4.5%) and meropenem (4.3%). During the COVID-19 period, the main MRP found for patients admitted to beds exclusively designated for patients with this disease were "necessary medication not prescribed" 19.9% and "dilution/reconstitution" 11.6%, and the PR were "inclusion of medication" 19.9% and "dose (adequacy)" 19.0%. The most frequently involved drug class (ATC level 1) was antiinfectives for systemic use (41.3%), with vancomycin (10.4%) and hypromellose/dextran (8.2%) being the most involved medications. These results demonstrate the fundamental role of the pharmacist in the ICU in resolving MRP, contributing significantly to patient safety and the optimization of pharmacotherapy. The high number of PR and the high acceptance rate demonstrate the consolidation and relevance of pharmacy services, even in challenging scenarios such as during the COVID-19 pandemic, reinforcing their essential role in the multidisciplinary team. Tipo: Dissertação

Nanopartículas poliméricas de azul de metileno associadas a filmes de carragenana para potencial tratamento de feridas crônicas empregando terapia fotodinâmica

Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT

Título: Nanopartículas poliméricas de azul de metileno associadas a filmes de carragenana para potencial tratamento de feridas crônicas empregando terapia fotodinâmica Autor(es): Carvalho, Genuína Stephanie Guimarães Abstract: Skin lesions are a global health challenge, as they can result in physical, psychosocial, and financial harm to the community. The healing process, physiologically, is capable of promoting wound recovery, but in cases where the healing stages are interrupted, the risks to patients can be fatal. In this sense, the present work is based on the fact that carrageenan-based polymeric films containing polymeric nanoparticles with methylene blue, associated with photodynamic therapy, can overcome several limitations of conventional treatments, such as antimicrobial resistance, risk of infections, and secondary lesions. For this purpose, films based on carrageenan (2.5%) with glycerol (35% w/w in relation to carrageenan) and tween 20 (0.5% w/w in relation to carrageenan) were obtained. Then, polymeric nanoparticles with particle size of 164.7 nm, PDI of 0.153 and zeta potential of -9.83 mV and encapsulation efficiency (%EE) of 98.70% were incorporated. The films were characterized in terms of thickness, mechanical properties, water vapor permeability, wettability and optical properties. Regarding thickness, values of 0.024 ± 0.004 mm were observed, close to those described in the literature. Regarding mechanical properties, the film containing nanoparticles with methylene blue (FNPAM) presented stress at break and deformation values of 14.77 ± 3.71 MPa and 15.47%, respectively, similar to other studies, with a Young's modulus of 198.4 ± 102.03 MPa, demonstrating some rigidity of the material. The films presented acceptable values of water vapor transmission (WVTP) and water vapor permeability (WPV) at 96.12 ± 11.75 g/h.m² and 0.52093 ± 0.10 g.mm/kPa.h.m², respectively, demonstrating their possible ability to maintain moisture balance. With wettability around 45.66 ± 3.41°, the hydrophilic character of the films was confirmed. DSC, FTIR and SEM tests were also performed. FTIR, DSC and SEM confirmed the compatibility between the constituents of the formulation. Morphologically, the polymeric films did not present such a relevant difference after the inclusion of nanoparticles, suggesting a good accommodation of the nanocarriers in the polymeric matrix and efficient dispersion. Microbiological assays demonstrated the role of photodynamic therapy (PDT) associated with methylene blue nanoparticles incorporated into polymeric films as a differential in controlling the formation of Candida albicans (ATCC 928 and ATCC 14053) biofilms, based on the evaluation of biomass by crystal violet. Morphological evaluation by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) supported previous findings, in which treatments with formulation associated with PDT demonstrated a clear capacity to reduce the production of C. albicans biofilms, indicating antimicrobial efficacy, as expected. Therefore, it is possible to conclude that polymeric films, based on carrageenan, containing methylene blue nanoparticles were appropriately developed as promising delivery systems and potential wound dressings. Tipo: Dissertação

Avaliação de um cosmético oncológico na prevenção e tratamento de radiodermite: ensaio clínico randomizado triplo cego controlado

Wed, 01 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT

Título: Avaliação de um cosmético oncológico na prevenção e tratamento de radiodermite: ensaio clínico randomizado triplo cego controlado Autor(es): Moura, Lara Cecília de Abstract: Breast cancer is a neoplasm that affects a large part of the female population, and radiotherapy is one of the pillars of treatment for this disease, leading to reduced mortality. Radiodermatitis (RD) is one of the most common side effects of radiotherapy treatment, characterized as an apparently advisable evidence of excessive exposure to ionizing radiation, which causes dehydration and can lead to ulceration or secondary complications. The present study was justified by the need for adequate management of this occurrence to avoid skin damage that affects the well-being and quality of life of patients, aiming to evaluate an oncological cosmetic for the prevention and treatment of radiodermatitis for patients undergoing radiotherapy treatment. The participants of the study were randomly allocated to the test or control group. The efficacy of the test cream was evaluated in comparison with the Aloe vera control cream, through the weekly classification of the degree and appearance of radiodermatitis and measurements of the levels of hydration, oiliness, hydrolipidic balance and pH of the skin, as well as the quality of life of the patients, which was obtained through the EORTC QLQ-C30 questionnaire. The data obtained were obtained by statistical analysis, considering the value of p <0.05 significant. Both groups analyzed presented similar sociodemographic and clinical-pathological characteristics, leading to the interference of these factors in the comparison between the creams. The visual evaluation of the progression of DR shows that, in the last week of treatment, 43.3% of the patients in the control group presented DR grade I and 6.7% grade II, while for the test group, 34.4% of the patients manifested DR grade I and there was no participant with grade ≥2. In both groups there were no cases of DR grade ≥3. The test cream also showed a potential delay in the onset of radiodermatitis, with fewer participants presenting RD in the third week compared to the control group. Both creams were able to maintain the levels of hydration, oiliness and hydrolipidic balance of the participants' skin, with the test cream proving to be more effective than the control in maintaining pH. In addition, both products were well accepted sensorially by the patients and maintained the participants' quality of life unchanged. Tipo: Dissertação

Avaliação dos fatores de risco de quedas entre idosos de um centro de convivência

Wed, 01 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT

Título: Avaliação dos fatores de risco de quedas entre idosos de um centro de convivência Autor(es): Martins, Maria Danielle de Sousa Abstract: With the increase in the elderly population, some factors are highlighted as important for healthy aging, including the assessment of fall risk. The consequences of falls lead older adults to seek medications, clinical examinations, and prolonged hospitalization time, thus increasing healthcare service costs. Consequently, older people tend to present more non-communicable chronic diseases (NCD). This study aims to evaluate fall risk factors among older adults from a social center. This is a cross-sectional study conducted with older individuals registered at the Lar Francisco de Assis Social Center (LFA), located in the municipality of Fortaleza/CE, Brazil. The institution registers 150 older adults annually. Individuals aged 60 years or older, registered at the institution and attending the location alone or accompanied by family members or caregivers, were included. The research instrument covered sociodemographic aspects, health conditions, and access to healthcare services. The instruments used in this research were: the Downton Fall Risk Index, the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), and the Clinical-Functional Vulnerability Index (IVCF-20). Data analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software, version 20.0. The study included 103 older adults, with a mean age of 74.5 years. There was a predominance of females (90.3%); most participants did not have partners, had incomplete primary education, had a family income of up to one minimum wage, and lived alone. The most used healthcare service was the primary health care unit. The most prevalent comorbidity was arterial hypertension (71.8%), followed by diabetes mellitus (51.5%). The most commonly used medications were losartan and metformin. The respondents showed a high risk for falls (68.9%), a moderate degree of frailty (52.4%), and cognitive impairment with confusion (72 individuals; 69.9%). Fall risk was correlated with variables such as education level, polypharmacy, potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs), comorbidities, and frailty. Based on these findings, it is urgent that this population be monitored by a multidisciplinary team to ensure comprehensive care, better quality of life, and autonomy for these older adults. Tipo: Dissertação