http://repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/24651 2026-08-17T17:36:13Z http://repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/87348 Título: Descentralização da política ambiental: estudo de caso no município de Paraipaba – CE Autor(es): Dantas, Luis Sales Abstract: The decentralization of environmental management represents one of the main mechanisms for strengthening environmental governance in Brazil, as it assigns common administrative responsibilities to federative entities aimed at environmental protection, conservation, and inspection. In this context, this research aimed to analyze the institutional structure of environmental management in the Municipality of Paraipaba, Ceará, verifying the conformity of its regulations with the provisions of the Federal Constitution of 1988, Complementary Law No. 140/2011, and other relevant legal instruments. To this end, a qualitative approach was adopted, with descriptive and exploratory objectives, based on bibliographic and documentary research as well as legal analysis. Municipal normative acts, administrative documents, information available on official transparency portals, and other institutional evidence related to the organization and operation of municipal environmental management were examined. The results showed that the municipality has formally established the main environmental management instruments, including a structured environmental agency, a Municipal Environmental Defense Council, a Municipal Environmental Fund and its own environmental legislation. However, weaknesses related to institutional capacity were also identified, characterized by the limited participation of permanent civil servants in strategic environmental sectors, the low level of publicity regarding environmental inspection actions, limited transparency concerning the allocation of Municipal Environmental Fund resources, and the discontinuity of some environmental education initiatives. The research concludes that the Municipality of Paraipaba demonstrates institutional compliance with the legal requirements for exercising decentralized environmental responsibilities, but also highlights the need to strengthen its environmental governance through improvements in technical capacity and administrative transparency, thereby contributing to the consolidation of decentralized environmental management. Tipo: TCC 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z http://repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/87346 Título: Toxicidade aguda de bisfenóis emergentes e suas misturas em Artemia salina: avaliação comparativa com o bisfenol A Autor(es): Maciel, Matheus Sousa Abstract: The replacement of bisphenol (A) with structural analogues has been driven by restrictions related to its endocrine-disrupting potential and widespread environmental occurrence. However, information on the toxicity of emerging bisphenols and their combined effects on aquatic organisms remains limited. This study evaluated the acute toxicity of BPA and the analogues bisphenol G (BPG), bisphenol M (BPM), and bisphenol (BPTMC), as well as the mixtures BPs Mix3 (BPG, BPM, and BPTMC) and BPs Mix4 (BPA, BPG, BPM, and BPTMC), using Artemia salina nauplii after 48 hours of exposure. The assays were performed with negative and solvent controls, in quadruplicate, using organisms at early developmental stages. Lethal concentrations (LC10, LC20, and LC50) were estimated from concentration-response curves, statistical differences in mortality between treatments and controls were assessed, and toxic units (TU) were calculated to interpret mixture effects. The results showed that the analogues exhibited higher acute toxicity than BPA, with the following order of decreasing toxicity based on LC50 values: BPM > BPG > BPTMC > BPA. The LC50 values were 2.38 mg/L for BPM, 3.63 mg/L for BPG, 3.82 mg/L for BPTMC, and 15.79 mg/L for BPA. The mixtures showed even greater toxicity, with LC50 values of 1.29 mg/L for BPs Mix3 and 1.51 mg/L for BPs Mix4. In addition, TU values lower than 1 at the mixture LC50 indicated a greater-than-additive effect, suggesting synergism under the experimental conditions evaluated. Significant changes in swimming behavior were observed for BPG, BPTMC, and the mixtures, indicating that the effects were not limited to mortality. Comparison with literature data showed that A. salina presented intermediate sensitivity to BPA but was sufficiently responsive to discriminate the higher toxicity of the analogues and mixtures evaluated. These findings indicate that BPG, BPM, and BPTMC should not be considered safer substitutes for BPA in A. salina, particularly when their effects are assessed as mixtures. Therefore, this study helps address knowledge gaps regarding the acute toxicity of emerging BPA analogues and the combined effects of bisphenol mixtures in aquatic organisms, highlighting the need for broader ecotoxicological assessments before the industrial replacement of BPA. Tipo: TCC 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z http://repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/87221 Título: Avaliação crítica do licenciamento ambiental: estudo de caso da duplicação da rodovia CE-025 (Fortaleza–Porto das Dunas) Autor(es): Gonçalves, Ana Beatriz de Oliveira Souza Abstract: The urban and tourism expansion of the Metropolitan Region of Fortaleza has intensified the demand for road infrastructure projects, making the adoption of instruments capable of reconciling economic development with environmental protection essential. In this context, environmental licensing plays a fundamental role in the prevention, mitigation, and monitoring of environmental impacts resulting from highway projects. This study aimed to analyze the environmental licensing process for the duplication of the CE-025 highway, emphasizing the assessment of the quality of the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) and the Environmental Impact Report (RIMA), as well as the environmental impacts, mitigation measures, and conditions established in the Installation License. This study is justified by the importance of evaluating the quality of environmental studies used in the licensing process of road infrastructure projects, contributing to the improvement of environmental management. The research adopted a qualitative approach based on bibliographic and documentary analysis, supported by current environmental legislation and the assessment of the EIA/RIMA prepared for the duplication of the CE-025 highway. The quality assessment was conducted using the checklist proposed by Sánchez (2008), applying the Lee and Colley review package to classify the evaluated criteria. The results showed that the EIA presents satisfactory quality in its structural aspects; however, significant weaknesses were identified in the analysis of locational and technological alternatives, the assessment of cumulative impacts, the characterization of environmentally sensitive areas, and the level of detail of the environmental monitoring programs. Furthermore, limitations were identified in the risk assessment and in the communication of the results in the RIMA, highlighting the need to improve the technical quality of environmental studies. It is concluded that, although the environmental licensing process for the duplication of the CE-025 highway generally complied with legal requirements, improving the quality of environmental studies and the monitoring of licensing conditions is essential to strengthen the effectiveness of environmental licensing and support more robust decision-making in road infrastructure projects. Tipo: TCC 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z http://repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/87133 Título: Avaliação dos índices NDVI, SAVI e EVI na vegetação do Parque do Cocó (Fortaleza, CE) via imagens Landsat Autor(es): Scafuri, Manoela Machado Abstract: Vegetation cover plays a fundamental role in maintaining environmental balance in urban areas, making its monitoring essential for environmental planning and management. In this context, this study aimed to evaluate the performance of vegetation indices in the Cocó State Park through the quantitative analysis of spectral indices and the visual interpretation of satellite images. Landsat 5 and Landsat 8 images acquired in 1985, 1995, 2005, 2015, and 2025 were processed using the Google Earth Engine platform to calculate the NDVI, SAVI, and EVI vegetation indices. The generated products were analyzed through thematic maps and descriptive statistics, allowing the assessment of temporal changes in vegetation cover and the comparison of the behavior of the three indices. The results indicated an overall increase in vegetation cover throughout the analyzed period, although a reduction was observed in 2005, possibly associated with the rainfall deficit recorded that year. The three vegetation indices showed similar temporal trends but differed in their representation of vegetation cover. NDVI presented higher values and a tendency to overestimate dense vegetation, whereas EVI showed a greater capacity to differentiate vegetation cover based on the visual interpretation of the generated cartographic products. However, this finding is limited to the visual assessment conducted in this study, as no field validation was performed. The results suggest that the establishment of Cocó State Park as a protected area may have contributed to the conservation of its vegetation cover over the last decades, while also demonstrating that each vegetation index has specific strengths and limitations that should be considered when interpreting the results. Tipo: TCC 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z