http://repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/19691 2026-04-18T14:53:41Z 2026-04-18T14:53:41Z Silva, Paulo Victor de Albuquerque http://repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/85295 2026-03-10T18:55:44Z 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z

Título: O pressuposto estético-linguístico do conhecimento: a crítica epistemológica de Walter Benjamin no Caderno N das passagens Autor(es): Silva, Paulo Victor de Albuquerque Abstract: This thesis investigates Walter Benjamin's critique of knowledge, focusing on the “N Convolute – Theory of Knowledge, Theory of Progress” from “Das Passagen-Werk”. It proceeds from the hypothesis that the Benjaminian epistemology is grounded in a dual and inseparable aesthetic-linguistic premise, according to which historical knowledge emerges from the correlation between sensory apprehension (aesthetics) and interpretative understanding (language). The investigation is developed along three main axes: 1) the expansion of the concept of aesthetics beyond the philosophy of art, situating it as a cognitive dimension of sensory experience in the modern metropolis; 2) the formulation of a Benjaminian philosophy of language that articulates semantics, pragmatics, and materialist hermeneutics; and 3) the immanent analysis of “Convolute N” where this dual foundation is consolidated as the basis of the historical materialist method. In its conclusion, the study critically situates Benjamin’s contribution within the 20th-century epistemological landscape, establishing a brief critical dialogue with three paradigms – the paradigm of consciousness, logical positivism, and orthodox materialism – re-evaluated through the aesthetic-linguistic prism, culminating in the formulation of the “philological historical materialism” as a theoretical synthesis that integrates historicity, language, and sensibility. It concludes that the epistemological turn operated by Benjamin – by decentralizing the transcendental subject and rooting knowledge in sensible-linguistic material objectivity – offers an original paradigm for understanding both the 19th-century modernity and the cognitive impasses of the contemporary world. Tipo: Tese

2026-01-01T00:00:00Z Cunha, Suelen Pereira da http://repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/84403 2026-01-21T16:34:29Z 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z

Título: A possibilidade de conhecimento na Filosofia Procleana Autor(es): Cunha, Suelen Pereira da Abstract: Characterized by circularity, Proclus’philosophy is grounded in unity as the first cause that is imparticipable and unknowable. Faced with this feature, the presente study adresses the problem of how it is possible to know the diferente hypostases, given that knowledge is defined as knowledge of causes, while the first cause itself is unknowable. Drawing on the selected theoretical framawork, the work unfolds over six chapters. The first explores Proclus’interpretation of Plato’s Parmenides, highlighting both differences and similarities, and showing how the Diadoch’s system takes shape from a logical dialogue. The second chapter deepens the central problema by examining the imparticipable and unknowable dimensions of the first cause, as well as the posible ways of speaking about and apprehending it. The chapter three focus on the hypostases of the noûs and the soul, outlining their fundamental categories, since upon them rest the essential modes of human being and knowing. In chapter, Proclus’system is presented as a network of relations grounded in the movement of procession. The four chapter turns to matter, treated as the final term of the Proclean system, and considers how it relates to the other hypostases, showing that it, too, is integrated into the movement os procession and thus has a share in the One. The fifth chapter adresses the types of apprehension of reality, emphasizing that knowledge constitutes a specific modes of apprehension linked to human participation in the soul and noûs. Finally, the sixth chapter examines the nature of the human, demonstrating that humanity encompasses all the hypostases and mirrors the entire Proclean system. By likeness, then, the human being is capable of knowing every hypostasis. In concludes that knowledge is indeed posible for human beings, precisely because of their likeness to each of the system’s hypostases. Tipo: Tese

2026-01-01T00:00:00Z Esteves, Renan Soares http://repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/84371 2026-01-20T17:21:18Z 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z

Título: Uma defesa do realismo científico diante do empirismo construtivo Autor(es): Esteves, Renan Soares Abstract: Constructive empiricism is considered the main form of antirealism in the context of the debate about belief in the approximate truth of our best scientific theories. According to this conception, formulated by Bas van Fraassen, the acceptance of a scientific theory does not involve belief in its truth. Furthermore, for this antirealist, there is no justification for belief in unobservable entities and processes, that is, those that cannot be perceived in any way by our senses without the aid of instruments, such as electrons and genes. In this context, the objective of this thesis is to analyze whether it is possible to defend a moderate version of scientific realism even in the face of constructive empiricism. Specifically, it aims to evaluate whether Bas van Fraassen's antirealist position withstands the criticisms directed at it by renowned philosophers of science, such as Stathis Psillos and Anjan Chakravartty. To this end, several collections containing objections to van Fraassen's antirealism are examined, such as those by Paul Churchland and Clifford Hooker (1985), Andreas Berg-Hildebrand and Christian Suhm (2006), and Bradley Monton (2007). Following this, a realist proposal is developed in response to constructive empiricism, which seeks to base itself primarily on the achievements of Biology, attempting to demonstrate that, despite the limitations of scientific knowledge, we are still justified in believing in the existence of some unobservable entities, or at least in the existence of entities similar to those that biologists consider to be investigating. Thereby, it is not viable to adopt an agnostic stance towards the entire unobservable domain of nature. To this end, arguments are articulated that seek to bring innovations by relating the discussion of realism to the scientific practice of biologists, citing as evidence for this belief: the effect of vaccination on the Covid-19 pandemic, the causal power of antibiotics, and the advances in genetic manipulation resulting from the development of molecular biology. Based on such scientific achievements, it is argued that realism is the best, or even the only, way to interpret and explain such successes in the practice of biological science. Tipo: Tese

2026-01-01T00:00:00Z Almeida, Davi da Costa http://repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/84186 2026-01-13T13:30:49Z 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z

Título: Forma-de-vida e técnicas de si: problemas colocados à subjetividade a partir do pensamento de Michel Foucault e Giorgio Agamben Autor(es): Almeida, Davi da Costa Abstract: This research begins with the crisis emerging within the context of subjectivities, which permeates the bipolarities involving inside and outside, inclusion and exclusion, bios and zoe, qualified life and bare life, which separate life from its form and the form-of- life from life itself. The research problem unfolds as follows: how does Giorgio Agamben consider the construction of subjectivity; how does he envisage overcoming the limits imposed by bare life captured by the state of exception and marked by the desubjectification caused by biopolitical mechanisms; how does the philosopher envisage a form-of-life, a human life, completely removed from the clutches of law and a use of bodies and the world that never ends in appropriation? Therefore, the answers traverse the characterizations that involve the construction of the concepts "any- being," "remainder," and "form-of-life" in opposition to bare life; The concept of "messianic power" inverts the use of bodies and things, desecrating the sacredness of life and ideal and material things. Along with these questions, Michel Foucault's influence on the development of Agambenian studies is clearly evident. For Foucault, the subject is constituted by disciplinary and biopolitical operators and devices of control. For Agamben, the subject is the result of exception operators and biopolitical devices. Thus, the techniques of the self, a Foucauldian concept used to understand the construction of subjectivity, must be analyzed in conjunction with the emergence of these modern and contemporary devices. For Agamben, a "Form-of-Life" can be constructed in opposition to Bare Life, and therefore, it is necessary to understand how the techniques of the self are correlated with these processes and how such "techniques of the self" intertwine with biopolitical devices and exception operators. Therefore, the last Foucault in the history of sexuality is also the Foucault who will attempt to understand subjectivity as a more intimate construction of each individual within themselves, while simultaneously being a subjectivity permeated by the emergence of disciplines and biopower, and in Agamben's case, exception. The "techniques of the self" are procedures of governmentality that subjects themselves develop to produce their bodies, produce themselves, produce their subjectivities, and produce their truths. Thus, the problematic that revolved around the understanding of subjectivity in Agamben unfolds into the problematic of understanding subjectivity also from Foucault's perspective. That is: how the techniques of the self, or which techniques of the self, can constitute a new form-of-life; how forms of veridiction are correlated with the techniques of the self to construct a new form-of-life; how such an intertwining of forms of veridiction and the techniques of the self presents itself in extreme poverty; How do such techniques of the self and forms of veridiction correlate with messianic power? How do such techniques of the self contribute to and produce a new use of bodies beyond relations of appropriation and control? The objectives of this research are, at their core, to understand the form-of-life and its developments in relation to the exception in Agamben. That is, to identify the elements that allow us to define subjectivity for Agamben; to understand how the philosopher intends to transcend the limits imposed by bare life marked by processes of biopolitical desubjectification; to understand how it is possible in Agambenian thought to create a form-of-life, a human life, completely removed from the clutches of law, and a use of bodies and the world that is never reduced to a relationship of ownership or appropriation. The aim is also to understand the possible connections between Foucault's latest studies on the techniques of the self, the practices of the self, which involve technologies of the subject, and the development of the form-of-life in Agamben. For, in order to constitute a form-of-life, techniques of the self are necessary, whose truths of the self allow the subject to make himself, even if this form-of-life is constituted from the imponderable, the untimely. Tipo: Tese

2025-01-01T00:00:00Z