DSpace Coleção:

Three‑dimensional craniofacial characteristics associated with obstructive sleep apnea severity and treatment outcomes

2021-12-30T11:58:51Z

Título: Three‑dimensional craniofacial characteristics associated with obstructive sleep apnea severity and treatment outcomes Autor(es): Gurgel, Marcela; Cevidanes, Lucia; Pereira, Rowdley; Costa, Fabio; Ruellas, Antonio; Bianchi, Jonas; Cunali, Paulo; Bittencourt, Lia; Chaves Junior, Cauby Abstract: Objectives This study aims to assess craniofacial dimensions in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients treated with a mandibular advancement device (MAD) and to identify anatomic influences on OSA severity and MAD therapy outcomes. Materials and methods Twenty patients with OSA were prospectively treated with MAD. Clinical, cone-beam computed tomography, and polysomnography exams were performed before treatment and 4–6 months after achieving the MAD therapeutic position. Polysomnographic exams and three-dimensional maxillary, mandibular, and upper airway (UA) measurements were evaluated. Pearson’s correlation and t-tests were applied. Results Before MAD treatment, the transverse width measured at the frontomaxillary suture and the angle between the mandibular ramus and Frankfurt horizontal were statistically correlated with apnea and the hypopnea index (AHI), while the gonial angle was correlated with therapeutic protrusion. After MAD treatment, all patients showed a significant AHI reduction and an improvement in minimum oxyhemoglobin saturation. The UA total volume, superior and inferior oropharynx volume, and area were statistically correlated with MAD therapeutic protrusion. The UA total area showed a statistical correlation with the improvement in AHI, and the superior oropharynx volume and area increased significantly. Conclusions The transversal frontomaxillary suture width and the mandibular ramus facial angle may influence OSA severity. The gonial angle, volume, and area of all UA regions may indicate the amount of protrusion needed for successful MAD treatment. Clinical relevance The craniofacial characteristics reported as important factors for OSA severity and MAD treatment outcomes impact therapy planning for OSA patients, considering individual anatomic characteristics, prognosis, and cost benefits. Tipo: Artigo de Periódico

Quantification and gene expression of Lactobacillus casei group species associated with dentinal lesions in early childhood caries

2021-12-20T15:56:27Z

Título: Quantification and gene expression of Lactobacillus casei group species associated with dentinal lesions in early childhood caries Autor(es): Reis, Ana Catarina Martins; Bezerra, Daniela da Silva; Hart-Chu, Erika Nikitza Shiauha; Stipp, Rafael Nóbrega; Guedes, Sarah Florindo de Figueiredo; Neves, Beatriz Gonçalves; Rodrigues, Lidiany Karla Azevedo Abstract: Background Considering that the Lactobacillus casei group is strongly associated with caries progression, the use of lactobacilli as probiotics must be balanced due to their possible involvement in dental caries. Objective This study aimed to detect and quantify L. paracasei, L. rhamnosus, and L. casei group species in the active and arrested dentinal lesions of preschoolers. It also aimed to determine the expression profiles of lactobacilli genes related to adhesion, extracellular polymeric substance regulation, and pyruvate oxidation. Methods Total ribonucleic acid (RNA) was extracted from dentinal lesion samples (25 active, 13 arrested) of children between 2 and 5 years of age. The samples were converted to complementary deoxyribonucleic acid (cDNA), and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) analyses were performed to quantify and determine the relative abundance (measured by percentage of total bacteria) of L. paracasei, L. rhamnosus, and L. casei group species. The expression profiles of L. paracasei/casei genes (spaC and spxB) and L. rhamnosus genes (spaE and wzb) were assessed. The Student t-test and the Mann-Whitney U test were used for comparisons. Results The L. casei group species were found to be part of the viable microbial community in dentinal caries. L. paracasei (p = 0.001), L. rhamnosus (p = 0.022), and L. casei (p = 0.004) group species were abundant in the active dentinal lesions compared to the arrested dentinal lesions. Only the wzb gene (p = 0.006) exhibited a statistically significant difference between the active and arrested lesions in terms of its expression profile; it was expressed to a higher extent in the active dentinal lesions. Conclusions The L. casei group species presented in large numbers in the active dentinal caries lesions, indicating that these microorganisms are related to caries activity, and the wzb gene may play an important role in caries progression. Tipo: Artigo de Periódico

Graduados e graduandos de odontologia: motivações e expectativas profissionais

2021-08-04T19:54:48Z

Título: Graduados e graduandos de odontologia: motivações e expectativas profissionais Autor(es): Gondim, Marton de Moura; Gondim, Roberta Carolino Antunes; Pereira, Karina Dutra Pinto; Figueiredo, uliana Ferreira dos Santos; Rodrigues, Lorena Walesca Macedo; Rebouças, Pedro Diniz Abstract: Changes have been occurring in the dentistry job market, mainly due to the growing number of higher education institutions that have been emerging in the country. In Fortaleza, capital of the State of Ceará, this reality is no different, with the city today having eight higher education institutions in Dentistry, a scenario that can cause a collapse in the dental job market, due to the progressive increase of professionals who are being graduated. annually. Given this scenario, the objective of this study was to know the profile of undergraduate and graduate students in Dentistry in the city of Fortaleza-CE, investigating their motivations and professional expectations. As a methodology, we opted for a case study, whose data were collected through a questionnaire, and non participant observation, for undergraduate students from the first to the tenth semesters, and for dental surgeons already graduated at the respective institution, between the years from 2018 to 2019, totaling the sample 229 respondents. The data were analyzed qualitatively, comparing them with other studies already published. The results revealed that the interviewees are predominantly female, single and aged between 17 and 25 years. The choice of the Dentistry course was motivated by vocation, followed by the desire for stability and influence of the family. Regarding professional expectations, the vast majority expressed the desire to take a postgraduate course and reconcile work in their own office and in the public service. It is concluded that the greatest expectation of the interviewees is to work independently, in their dental offices, being able to complement their income through the public or private service. There is a need to monitor the profile of these graduates and graduating students, in order to monitor the reach of their professional expectations and continuing education. Tipo: Artigo de Periódico

Cephalometric predictors of abnormal sella turcica among individuals with Sheehan Syndrome: a case-control study

2021-05-27T12:24:01Z

Título: Cephalometric predictors of abnormal sella turcica among individuals with Sheehan Syndrome: a case-control study Autor(es): Lima, Adília Mirela Pereira; Quidute, Ana Rosa Pinto; Martins, Manoel Ricardo Alves; Cavalcante, Davi de Sá; Brito, Geibson Góis; Gurgel, Marcela Lima; Kurita, Lúcio Mitsuo; Silva, Paulo Goberlânio de Barros; Carvalho, Francisco Samuel Rodrigues; Costa, Fábio Wildson Gurgel Abstract: The present study aimed to analyze cephalometric predictors of abnormal sella turcica (ST) in Sheehan Syndrome (SS) patients. An observational case-control study was performed with SS volunteers from the Endocrinology and Diabetology Service of the Walter Cantídio University Hospital (Brazil). The sample was composed of 32 patients allocated in two groups: case group (16 adult women diagnosed with SS) and control group (16 healthy individuals matched by sex and age). Analyzes of the linear dimensions (length, diameter, and depth) of the ST on lateral teleradiographies were made using the Radiocef Studio 2 software. The morphological pattern (anterior oblique wall, double floor contour, bridged, irregularities of the dorsal face, pyramidal) was also assessed. The subjects mean age was 65.47 ± 10.19 years. SS patients had lower mean length (p <0.001), width (p <0.001) and height (p = 0.033) compared to the control group. The presence of morphological alteration of the ST was statistically significant (p = 0.009) compared to the controls. The most frequent morphological changes were irregularities of the dorsal face (37.5%; p = 0.018), oblique anterior wall (12.5%), double floor contour (6.3%), and bridged appearance (6.3%). Our study found smaller dimensions and morphological variations of ST in Brazilian SS individuals, highlighting the importance of ST-related imaging screening. Tipo: Artigo de Periódico