Viabilidade técnica e econômica para a produção e exportação de hidrogênio verde de Sobral - Ce para o porto do Pecém - Ce: um estudo de caso

Abstract

Sustainability aims to ensure environmental balance by promoting actions that meet the needs of the current generation without compromising future generations. The growing concern about greenhouse gas emissions has boosted the search for renewable energy sources, especially green hydrogen, which is produced through the electrolysis of water using renewable sources, without emitting carbon dioxide (CO2) into the atmosphere. The general objective of this study is to analyze the technical and economic feasibility of producing green hydrogen in Sobral-CE for export to the Port of Pecém-CE. The specific objectives involve investigating the use of a photovoltaic system in conjunction with the local electricity grid to produce green hydrogen and analyzing production certifications in accordance with the European Union. In addition, the aim is to assess the technical challenges in the process and analyze the economic costs and benefits of this activity. The guiding question of the research is: What are the technical and economic challenges for the production and export of green hydrogen in Sobral-CE to the Port of Pecém-CE? The methodology used includes the use of HOMER Pro software, which simulates the configuration of renewable energy systems, integrating renewable sources and the electricity grid. The study evaluates the production of green hydrogen from the electrolysis of water and simulates the ideal conditions for maximizing production, taking into account the variability of energy sources and local solar radiation and temperature conditions. The research is justified by the need to diversify the Brazilian energy matrix, focusing on renewable and sustainable sources. Ceará has been identified as a strategic hub for the production of green hydrogen due to its great potential for generating solar and wind energy. In conclusion, technical and economic viability is achieved, as SFPV certification is viable, but the grid needs to be analyzed in more detail to promote certification. In relation to the final cost values of the components and the final value of the kg of hydrogen is analyzed as competitive, both in the EU and in the Brazilian context.