Análise de viabilidade econômica da migração de consumidor grupo a para o mercado livre de energia

Abstract

Law No. 9,074 of 1995 marked the beginning of the Free Energy Market (ML) in Brazil, allowing the purchase of energy from producers and traders. Since then, several changes in legislation have expanded the possibilities of participation in this market. Normative Ordinance No. 50/2022 of the Ministry of Mines and Energy (MME) allowed medium and high voltage consumers to negotiate in the free environment without the need for minimum demand. This study aims to analyze the economic feasibility of migrating to ML for a consumer unit in the food sector included in Group A, with a green seasonal hourly rate. Simulations were carried out using the unit's energy bills in 2023, comparing the captive (current) environment with the ML. The study was based in simulations using the energy bills from the consumer unit from the year of 2023, comparing the captive market, which the consumer is already inserted, and the free market, using incentivized energy with 50% discount on the Tariff for Use of Distribution System (TUSD) and Contracted Demand. To achieve it, two energy suppliers, both offering retailer and wholesale modalities, were used for the analysis.The study indicated a positive financial viability result for the migration to the free energy market, providing a minimum energy bill saving of 17.39% when migrating through the retailer modality, and a maximum saving of 32.20% when migrating through the wholesale modality, both with 50% incentive on TUSD and Demand. The savings are primarily due to legal incentives and the competitiveness offered by the free market compared to the captive market.