TypeScript e JavaScript no desenvolvimento web com frameworks modernos: um estudo comparativo

Abstract

Web development has gained significant relevance in the technology market due to the increasing demand for accessible, interactive, and scalable applications. In this context, JavaScript has become the core language of the Web, while TypeScript, as its typed superset, has been widely adopted for providing greater safety and code organization. At the same time, frameworks such as Vue.js and Next.js have emerged as prominent tools for building modern and efficient applications. This work presents a practical comparative analysis of the use of JavaScript and TypeScript in Web application development using the Vue.js and Next.js frameworks. The study was conducted through the implementation of four functionally equivalent versions of the same application, combining each framework with both languages to ensure a fair comparison. The evaluation was carried out using the Google Lighthouse tool, which provided metrics related to performance, accessibility, best practices, and search engine optimization (SEO), in addition to a qualitative analysis based on the developer’s practical experience during the implementation process. The results offer a comparative perspective that highlights the strengths, limitations, and most suitable usage scenarios for each technological combination, serving as a practical guideline to support decision-making in the selection of development stacks according to project scope, scalability, code organization, and development effort.