Sistematização de experiência em manejo de pragas, doenças e plantas daninhas em sistema soja-algodão no estado do Mato Grosso

Abstract

Given the limited availability of practical experiences during agronomy training, this work was structured as an experience systematization aimed at reporting field management in soybean–cotton cropping systems, focusing on the main phytosanitary challenges: pests, diseases, and weeds. The activity was carried out on farms of the ABC Agrícola group, located in Sapezal, Mato Grosso, where cotton is the main crop, followed by soybean, livestock, corn, beans, and sorghum. Soybean, cultivated in the first growing season (September to January), occupies all arable areas, while the other crops are grown in the second season (January to August). The internship focused on the systematic monitoring of pests, diseases, and weeds as a basis for decision-making in integrated pest management. Sampling procedures, control thresholds, and chemical measures adopted were described. The main pests observed included: Spodoptera spp., soybean looper, rootworm, green metallic beetle, whitefly, stink bugs (green and brown), armyworm, thrips, cotton aphid, and cotton boll weevil. Reported diseases were target spot, ramularia leaf spot, damping-off, bacterial blight, and myrothecium leaf spot. The most common weeds included volunteer plants, goosegrass, Amaranthus, Euphorbia, sourgrass, Commelina, Mitracarpus sp., Conyza, and morning glory. Additional activities included stalk destruction and volunteer plant control. This report highlights the importance of an integrated approach to phytosanitary management, contributing to the technical and strategic training of future professionals.