Centro Rita: convivência e cuidado para idosos com Alzheimer e outras demências

Abstract

opulation aging constitutes one of the main contemporary challenges, especially in developing countries such as Brazil. Among non-communicable chronic diseases, Alzheimerʼs disease and other dementias stand out due to their prevalence and their significant impact on autonomy, cognition, and quality of life of the elderly population. In this context, this study aims to analyze the implications of these diseases on the relationship between older adults and the built environment, and to propose architectural guidelines for the development of a support facility dedicated to this population. The research is based on bibliographic and documentary review concerning Alzheimerʼs disease, its stages, cognitive, behavioral, and functional manifestations, as well as public policies, legislation, and care facilities for older adults in Brazil. Concepts such as active aging, aging in place, neuroarchitecture, biophilia, and evidence-based design are discussed, emphasizing the role of the built environment in promoting safety and well-being for elderly individuals with dementia. Based on normative analysis and the current reality of services provided in the country, a shortage of specialized non-institutional facilities is identified, particularly in the city of Fortaleza. In response, the study proposes the development of a Community Center with an integrated Day Care Center program, aimed at assisting elderly individuals with Alzheimerʼs disease and other dementias, prioritizing community permanence, cognitive stimulation, and multidisciplinary care. The study results in the systematization of design guidelines that support the conception of accessible, humanized, and therapeutic spaces, considering aspects such as spatial orientation, environmental comfort, use of outdoor areas, natural lighting, and adaptation to the different stages of dementia. It is concluded that architecture, when grounded in scientific evidence and sensitive to the cognitive and emotional needs of users, can act as a fundamental instrument in improving the quality of life of elderly individuals with dementia.