Gestão da manutenção e mitigação de riscos em sistemas de proteção contra incêndio em edificações históricas por meio de BIM/FM e estruturação sistêmica da informação

Abstract

This dissertation proposes and validates an integrated methodology based on Historic Building Information Modeling (HBIM) and Facility Management (FM) to support maintenance management and risk mitigation of fire protection systems in historic buildings. The approach is oriented toward systemic information structuring, automation of maintenance processes, and decision support in operational and emergency contexts, considering the technical, constructive, and heritage-related constraints inherent to this type of built asset. The methodology was applied through a case study conducted at the José de Alencar Theatre, comprising on-site technical assessment, definition of operation and maintenance-oriented information requirements, development of a system-oriented and simplified HBIM model, semantic enrichment of building elements, structuring of maintenance plans, and automated integration of maintenance data within the modeling environment. In addition, an asset information structure centered on systems and operational loops was developed and integrated with a relational database and a visualization environment, enabling the analysis of functional interdependencies and the simulation of failure scenarios in fire detection and suppression systems. The results demonstrate the feasibility of a lean digital model, achieving a significant reduction in model complexity and data volume without compromising the information requirements necessary for operation and maintenance. The organization of assets according to functional taxonomy and operational loops enabled the identification of impact zones and enhanced response capability in critical situations. The main contributions include the development of the F2SM framework, the adoption of a maintenance-oriented strategy for decoupling geometry and information, and the proposal of systemic information structuring as a foundation for maintenance management and risk mitigation in historic buildings.