Incompatibilidades medicamentosas potenciais em pacientes de unidade de terapia intensiva em um hospital de ensino

Abstract

The occurring incompatibilities among intravenous medicaments in dual lumencatheters are considered medication errors and usually occur in hospital environments. The products resulted from these physicochemical interactions may impair the efficacy of the treatment and the patient's safety. The objective was focused on delineating the potential medical incompatibilities among antimicrobials and other drugs used by patients hospitalized in Intensive Care Units of a teaching hospital. The study in question was prospective and descriptive, on which was evaluated the medical prescriptions referring to 50 hospitalized patients in Intensive Care Units which had the minimum of one antimicrobial prescribed and more than two intravenous medicaments. The study period has been from September to October 2016. The medicaments prescribed has been compiled in specific peer review forms through the Micromedex® database. Each patient possessed a form,this way, from 50 analysed forms it has been found 30 (60%) which possessed potential physicochemical interactions. It has been found a total of 76 potential medical incompatibilities among antimicrobials and other drugs during the study period. The antimicrobials which were more involved in the incompatibilities were vancomycin (33,33%), sulfamethosaxole+trimethoprim (21,05%) and polymyxin B (18,42%). It has been accounted 99 antimicrobials split into 11 different classes, being the most prevailing the carbapenems (18,18%), the glycopeptides (17,17%) and the cephalosporins (16,16%). Due to the big number of prescribed drugs, necessary for their complex clinic condition, patients hospitalized in Intesive Care Units are susceptible to an elevated rate of possible medical incompabilities, therefore, the clinical pharmacist role becomes even more necessary regarding monitoring and preventing such incompatibilities.