Lactobacillus reuteri como adjuvante no tratamento periodontal não cirúrgico

Abstract

Introduction: Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by the destruction of tissues such as periodontal ligament and bone, whose gold standard treatment is non-surgical periodontal therapy. Lactobacillus reuteri is a probiotic that produces antimicrobial substances such as reuterin, which has antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties. The influence of L. reuteri on periodontal disease has been a widely investigated issue, due to the biofilm's ability to modulate. Thus, the objective was to review the literature on the influence of its use as an adjunct to non-surgical periodontal treatment. Materials and Methods: A search was performed for articles published in the last 5 years, in Pubmed, Web of Science, Scielo and Virtual Health Library Regional Portal databases with the descriptors: “Probiotics” and “Periodontal Disease” or “Periodontitis”. The search resulted in 577 articles. Duplicate articles with different themes from the proposed ones were excluded; literature reviews, dissertations, preclinical studies; studies that evaluated other types of probiotics and those without evaluation of cases of periodontitis, resulting in 13 selected articles. Results: Twelve of the trials had improvements in at least one clinical parameter after the use of L. reuteri, when compared to the control groups. The microbiological impact was evaluated in 4 articles and in 3 of them there were statistically significant reductions of periodontopathogens. Biochemical parameters were evaluated in one of the trials, demonstrating a reduction of matrix metalloproteinase-8 and nitric oxide in the group that received probiotic. Conclusion: Lactobacillus reuteri when used as an adjunct to non-surgical periodontal treatment seems to promote an improvement in periodontal clinical, microbiological and biochemical parameters.