Trabalho escravo contemporâneo: análise da articulação da Agenda 2030 nas políticas públicas brasileiras

Abstract

The research proposes an analysis of Brazilian public policies to combat contemporary slavery, considering the goals of the 2030 Agenda. Established by the United Nations (UN), it has become a key global framework for sustainable development, focusing on poverty eradication and tackling inequality. In 2015, this agenda was negotiated with the direct participation of UN member states and civil society representatives. Comprising 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), it outlines a global plan for social and economic transformation. Among the SDGs, SDG 1 (No Poverty) and SDG 8 (Decent Work and Economic Growth) are central to the research, particularly concerning the fight against contemporary slavery, which is closely linked to extreme poverty and socioeconomic inequality. Through a qualitative and exploratory approach, the study focuses on documentary analysis of national and international sources, including ILO regulations, and data from IPEA and IBGE related to the SDGs. In addition to understanding global targets, the research explores the relationship between multidimensional poverty and labor exploitation, addressing issues such as access to education, adequate housing, and decent work. In a broader context, the study also examines the challenges faced by the Global South, such as informality and the precarization of labor relations, which increase vulnerability to modern slavery. The findings demonstrate that despite advances in Brazilian public policies, the eradication of contemporary slavery remains a structural challenge. The implementation of SDGs 1 and 8 faces significant obstacles, such as regional inequalities and labor market informality. The research identified that the COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated these difficulties, causing setbacks in extreme poverty indicators in 2021, followed by a slight recovery in 2022. Additionally, programs like Bolsa Família and Cozinha Solidária highlight the importance of social policies in mitigating poverty, while initiatives such as the Conexão Cidadã Project and the Acredita Program reflect efforts to promote economic inclusion. However, updating the National Plan for the Eradication of Slave Labor, scheduled for 2025, will be crucial to ensuring more effective progress. The research concludes that overcoming this issue requires an integrated approach between the government, the private sector, and civil society, combined with sustainable economic growth and effective income redistribution.