Elevação de margem gengival x saúde periodontal: Uma revisão de literatura

Abstract

Introduction: Restorations in cavity preparations with extensive gingival margins, in addition to the cementoenamel junction, are quite common in clinical practice and present a great challenge for the dentist. Gingival margin elevation (EMG) is a conservative technique in order to restore extensive lesions by applying restorative material over the pre-existing gingival margin to reposition it more coronally, also known by some of the open sandwich technique. Objective: To carry out an analysis of scientific productions about EMG, presenting its indications, limitations, as well as its consequences for periodontal health. Methodology: The following descriptors were used: “Deep margin elevation” and “Proximal box elevation”, in the Pubmed database and in the Virtual Health Library Portal (VHL). 104 articles were found, after analysis by the eligibility criteria, followed by the reading of titles/abstracts, leaving 11 studies for writing the integrative review. Results: According to the literature, EMG is a less invasive alternative to transform the subgingival margin into a supragingival one when pre-established criteria are considered. In addition, EMG is compatible with periodontal health as long as it respects the biological width, has good marginal adaptation, surface smoothness and the patient's contribution to oral hygiene. Conclusion: EMG is an efficient and conservative alternative to surgical clinical crown lengthening and orthodontic traction. However, technical considerations of execution, the use of adequate dental materials and oral hygiene guidelines for patients must be followed in order to provide an effective and lasting procedure.