Utilização de imagens LANDSAT 7 e 8 e SENTINEL-2 para monitoramento agrícola, análise de desmatamento e uso da terra: um estudo de caso no médio Parnaíba Piauiense

Abstract

This work addresses the application of remote sensing and geoprocessing tools for agricultural monitoring, deforestation analysis, and land use characterization in a specific area located in the municipality of Jardim do Mulato, Piauí. The research utilized satellite images from the Landsat 7, Landsat 8, and Sentinel-2 sensors, captured in the years 2000, 2014, and 2024, enabling a multitemporal analysis of landscape transformations. The NIR, RED and SWIR spectral compositions were applied to identify the phenological phases of the predominant crops in the region, such as soybeans and corn, from emergence to harvest, facilitating agricultural management. The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) was used to assess plant health and crop productivity, as well as to identify areas subject to environmental stress. The analysis also enabled the detection of deforested areas and exposed soil after harvest, guiding conservation practices such as no-till farming and crop rotation. The results demonstrated the importance of remote sensing for land management and the promotion of sustainable agricultural practices, highlighting the need for continuous monitoring to preserve natural resources. It is concluded that the integration of geoprocessing technologies provides a more efficient and precise approach to agricultural planning and the mitigation of environmental impacts, contributing to the sustainable agricultural development of the analyzed region.