Analysis of the physico-mechanical and sensory properties of mortars incorporating carbon nanotubes and microfibers

Abstract

Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) is essential for assessing the performance of buildings and infrastructures, especially after critical events or structural interventions. In historical heritage structures, it is crucial that both SHM instrumentation and intervention materials are discreet and minimally invasive, ensuring mechanical and aesthetic compatibility. Smart sensors embedded in construction materials used in conservation engineering may offer an efficient solution for monitoring such structures. Accordingly, this study aims to investigate the physicomechanical, electrical, and sensory behavior of lime and cement mortars with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and carbon microfibers (CMFs) under different environmental conditions. The research seeks to understand the electrical and self-sensing properties of these mortars, targeting their application in historical structures. Analyses will be conducted to evaluate the effects of different concentrations of CNTs (0.2% and 0.4%) and CMFs (0.05%, 0.10%, and 0.20%), exploring their electrical, mechanical, and durability properties. The mortars will be characterized in the fresh state (workability) and the hardened state (water absorption, void index, density, and compressive strength). Electrical characteristics will also be assessed before and after exposure to adverse environmental conditions. It is expected that the results of this study will contribute to the development of more durable and effective construction materials for SHM, providing practical guidelines for the incorporation of nanomaterials into lime mortars and offering an innovative solution for the conservation of historical structures.