Uma investigação sobre o conceito do Eterno Retorno e a afirmação da vida na filosofia de Friedrich Nietzsche

Abstract

The concept of the eternal return, as developed by Friedrich Nietzsche, constitutes a central idea in his philosophy and is closely related to his critique of morality and religion. The analysis is based on Nietzsche's main works and explores the philosophical and existential implications of this theory. The study demonstrates that the eternal return transcends mere metaphysical speculation, presenting itself as a profound challenge to the traditional understanding of linear time and as a provocation to reflect on life, free will, and the acceptance of fate. The objective of this study is to show how the eternal return, understood as the hypothesis that the universe and all events within it repeat themselves endlessly in identical form, constitutes a cyclical view of time. Moreover, the work highlights how the acceptance of this theory can serve as a tool for personal transformation and life affirmation, emphasizing its crucial role in cultural critique and the reevaluation of moral values. The results of this analysis point to the importance of the critique of morality and religion as conditions for the full acceptance of the eternal return, since these systems of thought, according to Nietzsche, inhibit true freedom and life affirmation. The conclusion reinforces that the idea of the eternal return is central to Nietzschean thought, as it necessitates a radical reevaluation of moral and religious values in favor of an ethic that embraces life in all its manifestations, without appealing to transcendental rewards or punishments.