Aspecto verbal e seus usos nas parábases de Aristófanes: uma proposta funcional-cognitiva

Abstract

The theme of this thesis is the semantic description of the verbal aspect in relation to modes and time and its application in the Aristophanic parabasis (The Acharnians and The Knights) in order to analyze his cognitive poetics. The thesis is stated in the following: Verbal aspect is a semantic category grammaticalized in morphology that expresses not only subjectivity, but fundamentally intersubjective in which a subject (speaker/writer) visualizes under alternative forms an object (action, event, situation, or state of the subject) in order to influence his interlocutor (listener/reader) by changing the hearer/listener’s perception, and this intersubjective relationship grammaticalized by aspectual forms is constructed from the spatial-visual metaphor of distance and proximity undergoing a process of grammaticalization. The methodology used is that of usage-based language, starting from the inductive analysis of Aristophanic verses and deductive when it comes to the concepts of grammaticalization, prototypicality, intersubjectivity, evaluation and blending. The theoretical framework is a functional-cognitive approach based on cognitive grammar, conceptual blending theory and evaluation theory. The objectives are to present a semantic description of verbal aspect based on Greek and its relationship with the categories of mode and time and to present Aristophanes’ cognitive poetics regarding the uses of verbal aspect and modes in his parabasis. The relevance of this research is due, firstly, to the description of verbal aspect as intersubjectivity through the process of grammaticalization Secondly, to the lack of studies on Aristophanes, particularly on the parabasis, based on verbal aspect in order to articulate grammar, text, and culture in the construction of Aristophanic poetics. Thirdly, a study of the verbal aspect in Aristophanes’ parabasis. Finally, the importance of this thesis is also to articulate the semantics of aspect with that of moods. There is a tendency in classical studies to emphasize one side to the detriment of the other. In the thesis, aspect and mood are used to construct meaning in terms of conceptual blending. In addition, the thesis is applied to the study of conditional clauses: here, I also use biblical Greek, based on the view of grammaticalization in the sense of studying the phenomenon beyond synchronicity.