Engenharia Elétrica na UFC e o mercado de trabalho: um estudo sobre formação, empregabilidade e competências

Abstract

The objective of this study is to investigate the professional trajectories and competencies developed by students and graduates of the Electrical Engineering program at the Federal University of Ceará, considering market demands in the context of Industry 4.0. The research utilized data from SIGAA to analyze students' academic profiles, dropout rates, and the average time to complete the program. Additionally, LinkedIn profile information was collected to assess labor market insertion, sectors of activity, and the most valued professional skills. The results indicate an increase in the time required to complete the program, as well as a significant dropout rate, especially in recent years. Compared to related programs, such as Computer Engineering and Renewable Energy Engineering, Electrical Engineering presents greater challenges in student retention and the employability of recent graduates. The analysis of professional profiles reveals that although many graduates manage to enter the job market, this transition has become more difficult for recent cohorts. The investigation of the most frequently mentioned competencies in profiles indicates a growing focus on technical skills, such as programming and engineering tools, while interpersonal skills remain underexplored. Based on the results obtained, it is concluded that adjustments in the academic training of Electrical Engineering students are necessary to align the program with market demands, promoting a more integrated approach between theory and practice. It is also concluded that, to meet the labor market's demand in the context of Industry 4.0, it is necessary to adopt new institutional strategies aimed at curriculum modernization, reducing dropout rates, and expanding professional insertion opportunities to better prepare students for the challenges of Electrical Engineering in the current landscape. In this regard, the Curriculum Pedagogical Project, approved in 2023, has been implementing measures to enhance students' experience and align them with market demands, including curriculum updates, the incorporation of new technologies, and the strengthening of the interaction between teaching, research, and extension activities.