Diálogos sobre formas alternativas de planejamento: as contribuições das práticas no Lagamar, em Fortaleza/CE

Abstract

Urban planning is permeated by disputes regarding its concepts and practices, basic aspects of theoretical constructions. The “insurgent histories of planning” seek to counter the existence of a single and impartial narrative, the “official history” (Sandercock, 1998). Thus, urban planning can also be presented by autonomous popular practices, where people historically excluded from official decision-making spaces act as planners of their territory. Through collectively organized actions and strategies, they seek to promote the construction of alternative futures. It is in this context that studies on community, radical, insurgent, conflictual, and pluriversal planning have contributed to a theoretical construction of urban planning that gives protagonism to the practices of these commonly marginalized actors (Friedmann, 1987; Sandercock, 1998; Beard, 2003; Angotti, 2008; Miraftab, 2018; Tanaka, 2017; Tanaka; Oliveira; Coli, 2022; Vasudevan; Novoa, 2022). In this context, the work aims to identify and discuss the contributions of autonomous planning practices in Lagamar, Fortaleza, to the field of knowledge of alternative planning methods. To achieve this, it is divided into three parts. The first part seeks to present the disputes around the concept and practice of urban planning, from its hegemonic face to perspectives that recognize it in the insurgent context of space production. The second part aims to present the practices carried out in Lagamar, a favela located in Fortaleza, state of Ceará, based on interpretations of alternative forms of planning. Finally, the last part seeks to provide a discussion of the practices highlighted in the previous moment through the dimensions identified in the theories of urban planning in dialogue.