Análise das bases de dados abertos da ANEEL: estudo de relação entre os custos de tarifação e a qualidade comercial no serviço de distribuição de energia elétrica de concessionária do Nordeste brasileiro

Abstract

In the 21st century, data has emerged as a crucial resource, widely influencing social and economic sectors, driven by technological evolution and data processing capabilities. The concept of data-driven gains prominence by prioritizing objective analyses over intuitions, encompassing everything from businesses to governments. Thus, data guide strategic decisions and provide innovations, redefining our social and work interactions. In this context, initially, this work explored the data from the Electric Power Distribution System made available by ANEEL with the aim of understanding the relationship, if any, between the quality of the commercial service offered by the electricity distribution concessionaire and the cost passed on to consumers through tariffs over the years. Secondly, this work aimed to document and highlight the importance of using available data to promote understanding and decision-making in society. For this purpose, technological tools for exploratory data analysis were used to work on the chosen datasets and bring insights into possible conclusions on the subject. Additionally, some financial concepts were incorporated into the study, allowing an assessment of the increase in tariff prices over time in relation to the financial indices used in the indexing of contractual values. Thus, after the analysis, it was possible to understand the increase in tariffs for the distribution of electricity over the years for consumer groups type A and type B. For the first group, the analysis indicates that the price increase occurred with a premium compared to the average financial indices of price increases over the same period. For the second group, the situation is the opposite: there is a predominant discount. This may have directly impacted the distributor’s ability to promote higher quality commercial service, as seen in the decline in the concessionaire’s ranking from 5th place in the ranking of the IASC in 2013 to the 47th position in 2022, for example. Finally, future works were proposed to incorporate into the present study so we can increasingly take advantage of this valuable source of available data.