Evolução socioeconômica e transformações no uso e cobertura do solo: análise do município de Pacatuba - CE

Abstract

Pacatuba is a municipality in the Metropolitan Region of Fortaleza, located in the state of Ceará, which is part of the Greater Fortaleza planning region. In recent years, the municipality has been undergoing an urbanization process. Therefore, it is important to know the modifications in land use and coverage, so that urbanization occurs in a planned manner, avoiding negative impacts on the social and environmental spheres. The present study aims to establish a relationship between the changes in land use and land coverage in the city of Pacatuba and its socioeconomic evolution, through the analysis of use and coverage data and the socioeconomic indicators of the city from 1990 to 2022. Thus, the methodology of the work was divided into three stages. The first part consisted of the elaboration of a theoretical foundation through a bibliographic review to contextualize the object of study. Then, based on the data obtained from the Mapbiomas platform, maps and graphs were prepared to represent the use and coverage over the established interval; in the third stage, the maps and data produced as well as the data made available by IBGE and IPECE were discussed in order to establish a relationship between the variables. After evaluating the data, it was possible to conclude that there was an expansion of the urbanized area of the municipality, a growth in the population and the urbanization rate; there was also an increase in the supply of jobs, especially the industrial and service sectors. On the other hand, a decrease in the sanitary sewage coverage rate was found, a fact that negatively impacts the social and environmental development of the municipality.