Localização de estações de carregamento de veículos elétricos no estado do Ceará: uma aplicação do método TOPSIS

Abstract

The development of alternatives to bring more sustainability to the everyday activities in society, such as exchanging the fleet of vehicles that use combustion for electric vehicles, is increasingly necessary. However, a replacement of this greatness requiresan extensive infrastructure in order to occur satisfactorily and add comfort to the life of the common user. One of the foundations of this infrastructure are the charging stations, because they are mostly responsible for recharging the electric vehicles outside their owners’ homes. Installing a new charging station is a major investment indeed, because this kind of station requires several pieces of expensive equipment like access to the electrical grid, availability of chargers among other factors. The locations for installing new charging stations depend on several criteria, and therefore it is a multiple criteria problem and to assist in solving this problem MCDA (Multi Criteria Decision Aid) can be applied. In this sense, the objective of this work is to use the TOPSIS (Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution) method to determine locations for charging stations on stretches of state and federal highways that connect the cities of Fortaleza to Juazeiro do Norte. To better implement TOPSIS, qualitative and quantitative criteria were developed that endorse the questions of installing electrical stations, while a public consultation form was implemented with experts in the field, to find out their opinion on these criteria..Thus, it was possible to execute the method and, consequently, it was feasible to determine alternative locations for charging points in the highways of the state of Ceará.