Contribuição do trabalho dos jovens durante o ensino médio nos rendimentos das famílias

Abstract

Public policies promoting the implementation of full-time schools present challenges to young people who seek to balance study and work due to the extended school hours. This study aims to analyze the impact of young people's decision to study and work during high school on family incomes. Additionally, it aims to compare these results with the Pé-de-Meia Program, evaluating whether the financial incentives of this policy are compatible with the contributions of working students to the household budget. The applied methodology includes the Coarsened Exact Matching (CEM) algorithm combined with the Propensity Score Matching (PSM) method, as well as a sensitivity analysis to verify the robustness of the results. For this, microdata from the 2022 Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios Contínua (PNAD Contínua) were used. The results indicate that young people who choose to work while studying can contribute between R$ 230.32 and R$ 347.23 per month to the per capita household income. Thus, considering the most conservative estimate, a decrease of R$ 230.32 in per capita family income is observed for students who only study. Therefore, the monthly benefit offered by the Pé-de-Meia Program, amounting to R$ 255.55, exceeds by 11% the amount necessary to compensate for this loss.