Índice de saneamento ambiental como ferramenta de Gestão Ambiental da área urbana do sertão de Crateús

Abstract

Not all cities offer basic sanitation services universally, especially small towns or vulnerable areas. Environmental sanitation must cover actions for the whole of society, to prevent people from becoming ill and to protect the environment. Universal access to drinking water supply, collection and sanitary disposal of solid and liquid waste, urban drainage, vector control and disciplined land use and occupation. The construction of an index related to environmental sanitation reflects the promotion of new information, generating a new interpretation of the urban reality, contributing to the prediction, elucidation, definition and application of public actions in a punctual way in the space and time of the inserted reality, reducing a large mass of information into simpler data. The study area is the region of Sertão de Crateús - CE, which in turn has data gaps on water supply, sewage and urban solid waste, from 1995 to 2021, entered into the National Sanitation Information System (SNIS). The aim of the research is to assess the urban environmental quality of the municipalities in the Sertão de Crateús region using the Environmental Sanitation Index (ISA), using data on basic sanitation services for the period 2017 to 2021. The ISA calculation was applied, including the indices for water supply, sewage disposal, solid waste collection and urban drainage. The maps were created using the free software QGIS (version 3.10). The environmental sanitation situation in the area studied can be considered poor in general, with most of the municipalities having a fair, poor or very poor index. Finally, it can be concluded that environmental sanitation in the Sertão de Crateús region is poor and did not progress significantly from 2017 to 2021, and may have stagnated.