A espacialidade do vilegiaturista marítimo em Fortaleza, Ceará: práticas e transformações recentes

Abstract

The relationship of the society with the sea is redesigned by the metropolis with the consolidation of the modern maritime practices and the valorization of the land close to the sea (swimming, walks, summer resort, habitation and coastal tourism) as a place for entertainment and living, observed in the capitals of the northeast like Fortaleza. The practice of the sea summer resort became present in the city in the decade of 1930 in the Iracema beach with the vilegiaturistas belonging to the upper class of Fortaleza and of all the Province of Ceará. Later, with the coastal urbanization in the decade of 1970, the phenomenon reaches also the municipalities members of the metropolitan region of the city such as Caucaia and Aquiraz. This work has as a general goal to analyse the phenomenon of the sea summer resort that takes place on the cost of Fortaleza, evidenced by the acquisition of secondary residences in order to live close to the beach, even in a seasonal way, in the period from 1991 to 2000. In order to understand the unfolding of theses social processes in their urban tissue, Fortaleza and how its coastal space presents the practice of sea summer resort were analyzed, by the diverse social agents, named the vilegiaturistas (domestic and foreign), the State, the real state sector and society, responsible for the transformations caused by the occupation, investment practices and use of the coastal zone, be for entertainment, be for secondary residences in condos. In this study are analysed the neighbourhoods of Iracema beach, Meireles, and Future beach I and it showed that the sea vilegiaturistas are concentrated on the Central and East part of the city, and simultaneously their “dilution” in the metropolis generating multicultural spots, opposite to the first hypothesis of the sea summer resort as “the scape from the city”, once this phenomenon became predominantly urban