Vulnerabilidades ao HIV da população GBT e de mulheres cisgênero em privação de liberdade

Abstract

The study aims to analyze the individual, social and programmatic vulnerabilities to HIV/STI of cisgender women and the GBT population in the prison context. Analytical research, with a quantitative and qualitative approach, carried out with 345 people living in the prison context, between the months of July 2020 and September 2021, in two Prison Units located in the metropolitan region of Fortaleza/CE. Quantitative data were collected using a structured form comprising sociodemographic data, knowledge about HIV/AIDS, health care, HIV/Syphilis/Hepatitis testing and sexual behavior; Instrument for markers of women's vulnerability to STI/HIV and Screening questionnaire for the use of alcohol, tobacco and other substances. Qualitative data were collected through open questions and a field diary. The data were compiled and analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), version 24.0. For statistical analysis, Pearson's chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, Mann-Whitney non-parametric test and logistic regression were applied. The qualitative data were analyzed using the IRAMUTEQ Software (Interface de R pour analyzes Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionneires). The ethical and legal aspects of research involving human beings were complied with, in accordance with Resolution 466∕2012 of the Brazilian National Health Council. Individual vulnerabilities: cisgender female sample composed, for the most part, of women between 18 and 29 years old (64.71%), with incomplete primary education (45.96%) and black women (86.77%). A GBT population aged 30 years or over (53.42%), incomplete primary education (50.68%) and mixed race (57.53%) stood out. Among GBTs, the Catholic religion is a protective factor for HIV/STI prevention. Significant associations were identified between cisgender women's knowledge and previous HIV/STI. Class 1 of qualitative data presented aspects about the risk perception of the GBT population. Social vulnerabilities: The psychological violence suffered before the GBT population entered the prison system was associated with the presence of previous HIV/STI. There is a need for brief intervention due to marijuana consumption, especially for the two populations studied. Programmatic vulnerabilities: Regarding the main reason for women to take the HIV/AIDS test, it was identified that offering it upon admission to the prison system is related to the outcome, implying that granting the test at that time has a protective factor against infections . Among cisgender women, when a routine exam is performed, the chances of STI/HIV are lower. Qualitative data show in the three classes that the GBT population explained in their speeches suggestions for activities regarding the use of condoms regarding the importance of art. It is concluded, therefore, that there is a relationship between the factors of the three vulnerabilities and previous HIV/STI among the cisgender female population and GBT deprived of liberty.