Fatores associados à mortalidade materna por pré-eclâmpsia: um estudo descritivo

Abstract

The death of a woman is considered maternal during pregnancy or up to 42 days after its termination. This is caused by any factor related to or aggravated by the pregnancy or the measures taken in connection with it. It is noteworthy that most maternal deaths are preventable, as long as quality prenatal care is offered, enabling the early identification of risk factors. This study aims to cite the measures that have been implemented in some municipalities in the state of Ceará to reduce deaths and hospitalizations due to preeclampsia. This is an evaluative research, carried out by the Department of Informatics of the SUS (DATASUS) and it was developed with the statistical analysis of data in all the extension of the Brazilian territory, in comparison with the analyzes of the state of Ceará, during the period of January to December 2009 until 2020. The methodology of Descriptive Statistics was used in this research After the comparative analysis of deaths due to preeclampsia, it was evidenced that during the time interval of the study, 2009 to 2018, the municipalities that had the highest incidence of deaths and permanence with higher mortality rates due to PE as the underlying cause were Reriutaba, Lavras da Mangabeira and Tejuçuoca, expressing rates greater than zero. In view of the above, considering the space-time from 2009 to 2012, some municipal regions were included in the identification of the cause of death due to hypertensive disease as the underlying cause together with the associated one, involving the low-risk areas of Ubajara, Groaíras and Ararendá . Thus, in the interval that expands between 2013 and 2016, it was distinguished that the municipalities with the lowest coefficients of deaths were located in Ubajara, Potiretama and Poranga. It is possible to conclude that the coefficients of maternal deaths due to pre-eclampsia were more evident in municipalities with a smaller presence of nurses, lack of actions, such as laws and committees, specialized in reducing illnesses and injuries that have maternal mortality as an outcome, and with absence of maternal health care, bearing in mind that the prevention and control of irregularities, through assistance during the period of pregnancy, childbirth and the postpartum period, make it possible to alleviate the possible problems caused to the binomial mother and child.