Modelagem e simulação de um eletrocardiógrafo de 3 derivações

Abstract

The electrocardiograph is the instrument used to record the electrical activity of the heart, through the use of two or more non-invasive electrodes fixed on the body of the patient. This device can be characterized as a set of functional blocks that interaction with each other, in order to acquire, amplify, filter and generate the graphic record of the electrical activity of the heart. This work presents the modeling and simulation, through the LTspice software, the functional blocks of an electrocardiograph, with the ability to leads I, II and III of the Electrocardiogram (ECG) were collected. For validation of model, samples of cardiac signals from the electrocardiogram database are used of 12 large-scale leads, for the study of arrhythmias. The main ones are presented concepts related to the ECG exam, as well as details about the healthy blocks and its internal electronic circuits. In modeling, architecture is defined at the block level. functional for the collection of each of the derivations as well as they are developed and defined as topologies and values of electronic components of their internal circuits is finally presented an alternative of using an adder circuit to obtain derivation II. In the simulation, cardiac signal samples from the database are inserted into the acquisition block of the model, and the pre-amplified, filtered and amplified signal is obtained for each of the leads. This signal will be analyzed by comparing it with processed and filtered samples, which are also database transients, using the RMSEBase and RMSECircuit metrics. You obtained results show that the generated signal approaches the processed and filtered signal of the base, preserving the shape and pattern of the P, Q, R, S and T waves of the ECG signal, thus demonstrating the possibility of using the model as a first approach in the development of a commercial electrocardiograph with the ability to collect three leads.