Mecanismos de incentivos tarifários para microgeração fotovoltaica por meio de gerenciamento de carga pelo lado da demanda

Abstract

The growth ofphotovoltaic microgeneration (PV) insertion in the distribution networks has been leveraged by relevant changes in the regulation and incentives for the expansion of this modality in the national and international electric sector. In the case of Brazil, the vast territory and the excellent leve,' of solar irradiation put the country at an advantage in terms of resources worldwide. However, the country still has an enormous untapped energy potential, where it is possible to perceive the underutilization of these resources. There are countries with less favored regions in terms of solar irradiation but have a much higher installed capacity for PV generation with a considerable share of renewable generation in the electricity matrix. Severa/ incentive programs have been created in several countries to boost the microgeneration industry to obtain the necessary scale to compete with other sources of electric energy, seeking technological independence and the reduction ofgreenhouse gas emissions on the planet However, with the greater use of PV generation facilities, concerns arise about the impact on energy distribution and transmission systems, concerning the divergence between generation periods and peak demand periods, especially for residential consumers. The use of demand-side energy management (GLD) associated with tariff incentive policies tends to favor the consumer's energy bill financially and assist in mitigating peak energy demand in the electrical system. Thus, from this motivation, this article presents a methodology for the financia/ viability analysis of the energy bill, using the electricity tariffs in force in Brazil and combining the PV generation system with energy storage. The proposed method includes an actual energy demand and generation database, suggesting that other similar generation units can benefit from the same analysis and assist in decision-making. And additionally, they can use it to direct the incentive to expand this modality based on the choice of differentiated tariffs.