Vulnerabilidade infanto juvenil sob o olhar da bioética narrativa: análise da obra cinematográfica capitães da areia

Abstract

Child and adolescent health in Brazil has not always been a world reference, and for a long time, this portion of the population had to intentionally follow institutions to receive adequate care, especially for young people in vulnerable situations. In the first half of the twentieth century, the country expected a major setback from the establishment of a fascist dictatorship, which sought to treat abandoned young people only as offenders, without providing them with rights that would be the responsibility of the state, thus inserting them in a situation of programmatic vulnerability. The present study aims to analyze, based on the cinematographic work "Capitães da Areia", the vulnerable situations of children and youth to which the characters are exposed, relating them to the science of nursing. This is a qualitative study, supported by the bioethical narrative framework for analysis and interpretation, the analysis of information was based on pre-formulated questions created by the researchers: What elements are common or divergent when we refer to the current health system and the one in force during the period of the work? How did the programmatic vulnerability imposed on young people interfere with their interpersonal relationships? How could nursing, from the perspective of the film, act in the care of this population? Based on the results found, it can be seen that the child and youth population portrayed in the work presents cases of individual, social and programmatic vulnerability. It is seen that the Government did not use its artifacts to be able to provide a dignified life for young people, depriving them of rights such as health and education. Bearing in mind the social character of Nursing, its professionals can act as an active agent in promoting the health of this social group. Therefore, despite the public policies addressed to the vulnerable population, their rates remain high, highlighting the need to reassess the actions currently proposed to this public.