Uma comparação de desempenho entre sistemas DDFA e UASB em escala real

Abstract

The collection, transport and treatment of sewage are of paramount importance for the preservation of quality water for various uses by society, for which there are several types of treatment of this effluent. The anaerobic treatment of domestic sewage is an excellent alternative, as it brings several advantages when compared to the aerobic treatment, among them the lower use of electric energy and a lower generation of sludge. In this work, ten anaerobic treatment systems were evaluated in the city of Fortaleza, five of which were Decanto Digesters associated with Anaerobic Filter (DDFA) and five Upflow and Sludge Blanket Reactors (UASB). A full-scale performance comparison was performed for the parameters COD, Sedimentable Solids, Total Suspended Solids, Temperature, pH, Thermotolerant Coliforms, Escherichia coli and Sulfide. In general, the UASB treatment technology proved to be more efficient in the removal of organic matter when analyzing the parameter COD, SST and Ssed, in relation to Thermotolerant Coliforms and Escherichia coli, there is a relationship with the existence of Free Residual Chlorine, and all stations met the release standards for pH and Temperature. However, the lack of compliance with the current environmental legislation for most of the analyzed stations is quite worrying, which shows the poor operation of these stations, leading to the degradation of the receiving water bodies. Finally, suggestions were made to improve data analysis for better decision-making by the responsible company (CAGECE), and improvements were also suggested for better supervision and incentive for the Regulatory Agency of the municipality of Fortaleza (ACFOR).