Análise têmporo-espacial dos focos de calor e dos perigos de incêndio florestal no Estado do Ceará sob a perspectiva da atividade agropecuária

Abstract

Forest fires are a serious and long-standing environmental problem in Brazil. Normally a fire starts from a small heat source that tends to expand. Its destructive effects mainly harm flora, fauna and human health. Controlled burning is allowed in some cases, such as places where agropastoral practices are carried out, in accordance with current legislation. However, when it escapes from human control, fires arise. In Ceará, the characteristic semi-arid climate of scarce and irregular rainfall increases the danger of fire and affects the productivity of rainfed agriculture in the region. Due to its practicality, the rural producer persists in using fire in preparing the land for planting, especially in family farming. In this work, a temporal-spatial analysis of hot spots and forest fire dangers in the state of Ceará was carried out from the perspective of agricultural activity in the period from 2017 to 2018. As a result, Ceará presented a worrying degree of fire danger in most years and the occurrence of fires in the State prevailed in the second half of the year, when the danger of fire was even greater. The advance of areas exploited by agriculture and livestock causes fires, often recorded as hot spots, which can lead to forest fires. The hot spots registered in 2017 and 2018 in Ceará were more concentrated in areas of forest or other classification that are close to areas of agricultural activity.