Prevenção da transmissão vertical do HIV em jovens: estudo metodológico para desenvolvimento de webcast

Abstract

The objective was to develop and validate a webcast to prevent vertical transmission to the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) to the young population. This is a methodological study that used different stages for its development: Integrative Review (IR) study, cross-sectional, methodological and validation. Developed in the city of Fortaleza-CE, between the years 2020 and 2022, using for data collection Google Forms and email address gmail. Private company, developed the art, script production and edition of the webcast. The stages of development of the webcast were as follows: IR on educational technologies for preventing vertical transmission of HIV in young people with a focus on behavior change; cross-sectional study to identify the knowledge of young people about prevention of sexually transmitted infections, vertical transmission of HIV and mandala for combined prevention of HIV, definition of relevant content for roadmap; storyline; argument; script; validation of the script with judges (content, technique and appearance); production of the animatic; validation by members of the Center for HIV/Aids Studies and associated diseases, editions and final production of the webcast. To carry out the validation of the script, it had professional’s experts in the theme of HIV/ AIDS/ infectology (n = 13) and audiovisual/ communication (n = 7). For content validation of the video an instrument was applied with 12 criteria: behavioral, objectivity, simplicity, clarity, relevance, accuracy, variety, modality, typicality, credibility, breadth and balance. The data were compiled and analyzed using Microsoft Excelₒ and Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), version 23.0 for Windows. When necessary, measures of central tendency and dispersion of quantitative variables, simple frequency and percentage were calculated. For validation of content, appearance and technique, the Content Validity Index (CVI) and Agreement Index (CI) were used, being considered a minimum level of agreement of 75%. The webcast was validated for content and appearance. In the content evaluation, total CVI was satisfactory (IVCt = 0.89) and moderate reliability (ICC = 0.681 [95%CI = 0.372- 0.884]). In the evaluation by the audiovisual/communication judges, the script presented a total CI of 86% and good reliability (ICC=0.86 [95%CI=0.65-0.97]). The script was approved by the judges, with the suggestions being met. The animatic was approved by 100% of the members of the Study Center on HIV/ AIDS and associated diseases (Neaids), with only suggestions of aesthetic changes that were accepted. In both assessments the suggestions did not impact the context of the webcast. The construction and validation of the webcast went through a rigorous process of material development and evaluation made by experts, satisfying the breadth of content related to the prevention of vertical transmission, through animations considered clear, accessible and attractive to young people, as the target population of technology. Faced with the validation process, both the script and the animatic underwent changes, adjustments and additions in order to make it more effective, so that through the dissemination of the webcast, it promotes the prevention of vertical transmission of HIV in young people.