Avaliação da sustentabilidade ambiental do cultivo de peixes ornamentais com reuso de água

Abstract

This research aimed to evaluate the sustainability of the use of treated wastewater in the creation of ornamental fish mollie Poecilia sp. through the Environmental Sustainability Index for Reuse in Aquaculture (ISARA) proposed. Three treatments were tested: ET - stocked with treated wastewater in stabilization ponds; ED - stocked with treated sewage and raw water diluted in equal proportions; AB - stocked with raw water. In the treatments supplied with treated sewage was not offered feed. Domestic sewage effluent was used a system of stabilization ponds, and raw water from underground source. The ISARA was calculated using the normalized values (0-1) of water quality indicators, survival rate, water reuse rate and feed use rate; establishing weights from zero to three and each of them, according to their importance. The result of ISARA to treat AB (0.36) was the lowest among the tested treatments can cultivation in this way be regarded as low sustainability. The ET treatment showed ISARA 0.45, this result was slightly below presented by ED treatment (0.51), with the two treatments classified as average sustainability activity. The results obtained from the use of the Environmental Sustainability Index for Reuse in Aquaculture (ISARA) indicate the cultivation of ornamental fish Poecilia sp. performed using treated sewage diluted and without ration supply as the most sustainable option among the different alternatives.