Myracrodruon urundeuva allemão (Aroeira-do-Sertão): constituintes químicos ativos da planta em desenvolvimento e adulta

Abstract

The Aroeira-do-Sertão (Myracrodruon urundeuva Allemão), Anacardiaceae, has been explored in a predatory way due both to its magnificent wood and to the medical use of the most frequent and ancient herbal medicines in Brazilian Norttheastern popular medicine. This plant, in its vulnerable category, is almost extinct and has become rare in all the occurence areas. Based on the centenary use of the Aroeira-do-Sertão, the anti inflammatory, cicatrizing and anti-ulcer efficacy of its innerbark has been provewd through preclinical studies. Righ after these studies, a clinic study was carried out on the pharmaceutical preparations Aroeira Elixir (Elixir de Aroeira), anti-ulcer, Aroeira Vaginal Cream (Creme Vaginal de Aroeira), cervicits and ectopia, and Aroeira Enema (Enema de Aroeira), ulcerated colitis), which have been largely used in the Farmácias Vivas Project (Green Pharmacies), the scientific base of the predatory gathering of its bark. Based on pharmacological monitoring and data, where the buds show activity equivalent to the innerbark, a chemichal study has been started to reproduce each bud component (leaf, stem and root). The technique of gathering the innerbark's antiinflammatory component was codified as F(8-13). After these components had been gathered, their purification and isolation were conducted through unpublished, innovative and economical chromatografic techniques, having Zea mays starch as the fixed phase. The component's purification and isolation F (8-13) resulted in the identification of dimeric chalcones in natural state, urundeuvina A (innerbark and adult plant's heart, stem bud's underground organs); urundeuvina B (adult plant innerbark and bud's underground organs); urundeuvina C (adult plant innerbark); matosina (bud's underground organs). The Flavonoids quercetin, aromadendrinol and agathisflavone were identified on the bud's leaves. 13 - Sitosterol and f3 - Sitosterol glicoside wer found in the heart. The dimeric chalcones urundeuvina A, urundeuvina B, urundeuvina C, and matosina have never been found in nature and they reaffirm that the Aroeira-do-Sertão, apart from its ecological heritage is a pharmacochemical resource. These results confirm the premis that the buds, undewr intense metabolic activity, could produce the same active constituents as the innerbark. Consequently, it is possible to make use of the buds and shoots up to 40 cm as a innerbark. Consequently, it is possible to make use of buds and shoots up to 40 cm as a innerbark substitute.