Sobrevivência e enraizamento em estaquia de tangerina Cleópatra em função do tipo de estaca e consórcio

Abstract

Citrus is one of the main activities of global agribusiness. Brazil is considered the 2nd largest country in citrus fruit production and is a leader in the production and export of frozen concentrated orange juice. Because of the high global competitiveness, one of the concerns of the sector is the need to produce seedlings with high productive potential, genetic uniformity, resistant to pests and diseases and rapid development. The rootstock used directly interferes with these characteristics of the seedling, as well as in the development of the plant in the field, its health, productivity and fruit characteristics, influencing the processing and quality of the final product. Stofa is one of the main methods of clonal propagation. However, many plant species, of high economic value, present greater difficulties of rooting cuttings due to genetic and physiological factors. In addition, it is of particular importance to study the standardization of cuttings. As a result of physical, chemical and hormonal interactions, plants that are grown in consortium may have benefits such as higher productivity, acclimatization and reduction in the application of phytosanitary products, among others. From this perspective, the objective was to evaluate the cutting of herbaceous and woody branches for the production of cleopatra tangerine rootstocks (Citrus reshni Hort. ex Tanaka) in a greenhouse in the presence and absence of intercropping with passion fruit plants (Passiflora edulis). Additionally it is also expected to find a standardization of cleopatra tangerine cuttings ideal for rooting. To this end, four treatments distributed in a greenhouse were evaluated under a completely randomized design and following a factorial scheme 2 x 2: T1 – herbaceous cutting of Cleopatra mandarin with passion fruit inconsortium; T2 - herbaceous stake without consortium; T3 - woody stake with consortium; T4 - woody stake without consortium. It was found that herbaceous cuttings with 1 to 2 leaves with leaf length between 56.01 mm and 75.47 mm and leaf width between 26.42 mm and 38.14 mm promoted greater rooting and control of rooter mortality. However, the width and stem thickness of the herbaceous cuttings used did not affect their rooting. In addition, it was possible to conclude that the presence of a consortia plant did not represent a beneficial effect on the rooting of Cleopatra tangerine cuttings.