Panorama das outorgas de uso dos recursos hídricos no Estado do Ceará no período de estiagem 2009-2017

Abstract

The water shortage in Ceará for the period from 2009 to 2017 caused the low recharge in the 155 dams monitored by the State, resulting, at the end of 2017, in a storage of only 7.28% of the total capacity of the reservoirs. However, the stored to supply all categories of gross water use, for this time interval; it was still predominantly from superficial sources (73%). Though, part of the demand for supply to municipal thirst, which was predominantly of surface input in 2009 (100%), changed to underground sources in 2017 (54%). In 2017, 4.758 wells were registered in the database, subdivided into: wells battery (1.468) and unit wells (3.290). These, 895 are located in the crystalline zone, with an average flow of 1,20 L/s (4,32 m³/h) and 2.395 wells in the sedimentary zone, with an average flow of 4,27 L/s (15,37 m³/h). For the analysis period of this study, from 2009 to 2017, it was verified that irrigation was the main consumer of raw water, followed by the supply for human and industrial supply; however, as the grant is subsidized for these two types of use, it is the industry that pays more expensive when compared to the other categories of use.