Linfonodo sentinela em câncer de mama localmente avançado pós-quimioterapia neoadjuvante

Abstract

Aims: investigating sentinel lymph node in patients with locally advanced breast cancer whom were administered neoadjuvant chemotherapy, by contrast to non-sentinel axillary lymph nodes. Verifying the identification of sentinel lymph node rate in these patients, as well as estimating method’s sensibility, specificity, false-negative and accuracy. Methodology: transversal study for validation of a diagnostic test, with 34 patients from Maternidade-Escola Assis Chateaubriand’s ambulatory. The locally advanced breast cancer patients were treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy, and the ones with cancer metastasis clinically negative axilla were submitted to sentinel lymph node biopsy and axillary lymphadenectomy, using subareolar patent blue, and, after its identification, it was studied with contact cytology and paraffin and it was compared with non-sentinel axillary lymph content. The descriptive analysis of tests used Student’s t-test, and tests proportions were considered significantly different when their similarity possibility was less or equal to 0.05. Results: When intraoperatory contact cytology study, paraffin sentinel lymph node and gold standar, sentinel and non-sentinel lymph nodes, the sentinel lymph node identification rate was 85.3%. Sensibility was 84.62%, and specificity was 100%. The predictive negative value was 87.99%, and the false-negative rate was 12.01%. Accuracy rate was 92.77%. The study points the significant difference of total lymph nodes mean number observed among the group with optimal time of surgical intervention p=0.037. When only the intraoperatory contact cytology of sentinel lymph node and gold pattern, the paraffin of sentinel and non-sentinel lymph nodes, sensibility was 62.50%, specificity 100%, predictive negative value 75.04%, false-negative 24.96%, and accuracy 82.38%. Conclusion: intraoperatory contact cytology of sentinel lymph node to locally advanced breast cancer patients with clinically negative axilla after neoadjuvant chemotherapy presents low sensibility and high false-negative rates.