Bioprospecção de enzimas de interesse biotecnológico a partir de actinobactérias isoladas do semiárido nordestino

Abstract

Actinobacteria are Gram-positive microorganisms capable of accomplish several ecological and biotechnological roles. Their reproduction pattern and enzymatic robustness make them prokaryotes of ubiquitous distribution, being able to thrive even under harsh conditions. As the case of the Brazilian semiarid soil, who possesses a high salt concentration and low nutrient disposal, along with above average solar irradiation, high temperatures and minor levels of water availability due to rain scarcity. The prevalence of those bacteria on soil under those condition give margin to the production of enzymes with greater stability and spectrum of action, industrial desired characteristics. Thus, the given study utilized 45 actinobacterial strains isolated from distinct points of this region soil, where we were able to carry out a screening of seven enzymatic types of industrial interest. From this sample, all of the tested strains were capable to produce at least one of the studied enzymes and four of them denoted a high capacity of producing at least three enzymatic classes. Among the test performed, the necessity of a greater deepening into the protease producing strains was denoted due to the unique importance of this enzymatic class for industry. Hence, a quantitative assay was done, where we could assess the high activity enzymes, specially that from the strain SN18. At the end of the study, the obtained enzymatic productivity data from the 45 strains were put together in order to investigate of those with multiple inherent potential, where four of them: SN12, SN19, SN20 and SN32 manifested a higher production of at least three enzymatic types. Ultimately, this study oversees a necessity of the continuity of the research here initiated for the actual application of the gathered knowledge. Keywords: Biotechnology; Microbial Biocatalysts; Screenin