A implantação de parques eólicos em Aranaú e as alterações na paisagem e vida comunitária

Abstract

The environmental impact generated through the exploitation of natural resources and the exacerbated release of fossil fuels into the atmosphere, in addition to the consequences generated in global biodiversity, shows us the need to seek alternatives that aim at a more conscious use of the resources we have at our disposal. In this context, wind energy appears as a viable alternative to collaborate with the reduction of environmental impacts, especially those related to energy from the burning of fossil fuels. In 2001, the State of Ceará underwent studies that defined the wind potential. The Secretariat of Infrastructure (SEINFRA) pointed out the coast of Ceará as an area of great potential for the construction of wind farms. However, there is evidence that the installation and operation of wind farms on the coast of Ceará is generating environmental impacts on traditional communities. And in permanent protection environmental systems (APP) such as mobile and fixed dune fields, interdune lagoons, mangroves, fluviolacustrine ecosystems and wind deflation plains (MEIRELES, 2008; 2011). The methodology was based on the analysis of the local reality from the point of view of community members and the researcher, in addition to the identification of environmental impacts and changes in the landscape related to the implementation of the wind farm. In this context, the study of the community of Aranaú located on the northern coast of the State of Ceará refers to reflections on the construction of the wind farm present in the community and opens questions about the sustainability of clean energy in the region. This is due to the wind farm located within a field of dunes where topographical and morphological changes occur, imposed by the dynamics altered with the implementation of wind turbines and other equipment.