Território e políticas públicas: um estudo de caso do Parque Estadual Marinho da Pedra da Risca do Meio (PEMPRIM)

Abstract

The Pedra da Risca do Meio Marine State Park (PEMPRIM) is located 10 nautical miles (18 km) off the coast of Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil. It represents one of the few fully submerged marine protected areas in the country and is the only one in Ceará. This paper shows how socio-environmental positioning can foster a more participatory management and, consequently, promote the maintenance of marine biodiversity in this UC more effectively, respecting the territoriality of divers, artisanal fishermen and members of the management council. The information presented was obtained through bibliographic research and interviews with social actors involved in the management, preparation of the Management Plan and uses of PEMPRIM. The identification of territorial conflicts in the UC made it possible to report the occurrence of illegal activities in the region, as well as to demonstrate disagreements about the normatization of the UC in the Management Plan, due to the fact that it is inserted in the category of Full Protection, as a Park, and allows the removal of natural resources from an extractive activity such as artisanal fishing. Some problems regarding the effectiveness of the management in the UC are also pointed out, and the need for environmental supervision in the region is proposed, so that the current legislation is obeyed and practiced. Finally, the work presents a set of actions that take advantage of the socio- environmental positioning to integrate participatory management in the maintenance of state marine biodiversity, demonstrating that the PEMPRIM, in the vanguard of the national marine UCs, is a possible tool to ensure better coastal environmental planning and implementation of public policies in these territories.