Influência da cobertura fotovoltaica na temperatura de uma edificação no nordeste do Brasil

Abstract

The present research aims to evaluate the impacts of the application of PV modules on the roof of a building under its internal ambient temperature. The temperature data of the slab and the internal environment of the building were obtained through temperature sensors installed at the Laboratory of Alternative Energies of the Federal University of Ceará (LEAUFC). An average reduction of 2.26°C and 1.16°C was observed for the internal temperature of the slab shaded with PV modules and for the internal ambient temperature of the building, respectively, compared to the temperature without any type of shading. In addition, the standard deviation of the period data is 0.74 for indoor ambient temperature with shaded coverage by PV modules and 1.27 for indoor ambient temperature without PV shade. This fact indicates greater thermal stability of indoor environments with shaded coverage by PV modules. In a second step, computer simulations were performed for thermal analysis through the use of computer programs. SketchUp is used for 3D modeling of the building used in the simulation. OpenStudio is a plugin used for drawings made in SketchUp to be inserted into EnergyPlus, which, in turn, has the function of simulating the data. At first, the temperature and internal humidity of the building were verified, according to the construction characteristics, without the use of PV modules in its roof; the same thermal parameters were analyzed for the building with the roof shaded by PV modules. The variations of internal temperature of the environment, in the considered period, are, on average, of 0.1°C, and maximum of 0.2°C and of internal humidity are, on average, of 0.4%, and maximum of 0.7%. The difference between the measured and simulated values may indicate the need for greater precision in the methodology used in the programs, considering specific climatic conditions in the Brazilian semi-arid region.